Department of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
Insect Sci. 2013 Apr;20(2):121-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01535.x. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
Abstract Chitin is the most abundant natural aminopolysaccharide and serves as a structural component of extracellular matrices. It is found in fungal septa, spores, and cell walls, and in arthropod cuticles and peritrophic matrices, squid pens, mollusk shells, nematode egg shells, and some protozoan cyst walls. As prokaryotes, plants and vertebrates including humans do not produce chitin, its synthesis is considered as an attractive target site for fungicides, insecticides, and acaricides. Although no chitin synthesis inhibitor has been developed into a therapeutic drug to treat fungal infections in humans, a larger number of compounds have been successfully launched worldwide to combat arthropod pests in agriculture and forestry. This review summarizes the latest advances on the mode of action of chitin synthesis inhibitors with a special focus on those molecules that act on a postcatalytic step of chitin synthesis.
摘要 几丁质是最丰富的天然氨基多糖，作为细胞外基质的结构成分。它存在于真菌隔膜、孢子和细胞壁，以及节肢动物的外骨骼和围食膜、鱿鱼笔、软体动物壳、线虫卵壳和一些原生动物包囊壁中。由于原核生物、植物和包括人类在内的脊椎动物不产生几丁质，因此其合成被认为是杀菌剂、杀虫剂和杀螨剂的一个有吸引力的靶标位点。尽管没有几丁质合成抑制剂被开发成治疗人类真菌感染的药物，但全球已经成功推出了更多的化合物来防治农业和林业中的节肢动物害虫。本文综述了几丁质合成抑制剂作用模式的最新进展，特别关注那些作用于几丁质合成后催化步骤的分子。
