Drees Bastiaan M, Calixto Alejandro A, Nester Paul R
Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M System, Mail Stop 2475, Department of Entomology, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA.
Insect Sci. 2013 Aug;20(4):429-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01552.x. Epub 2012 Oct 29.
Management of imported fire ant species has evolved since their accidental introduction into the United States and currently uses integrated pest management concepts to design, implement, and evaluate suppression programs. Although eradication is the management goal in certain isolated infestation sites, localized goals vary dramatically in larger infestations where reinvasion of treated areas is likely. These goals are influenced by regulatory policies, medical liabilities, ecological impact, and/or economic considerations. Tactics employed in fire ant management programs presented here include cultural and biological control options along with judicious use of site-specific insecticide products. In addition, program design considerations that include management goal(s), action level(s), ant form (monogyne or polygyne), presence of nontarget ant species, size of treatment area, seasonality, implementation cost, and environmental impact are also presented. Optimally, elegant IPM programs are target specific, threshold driven, environmentally friendly and cost-effective.
自外来火蚁物种意外引入美国以来，其管理方式不断演变，目前采用综合虫害管理理念来设计、实施和评估防治计划。尽管在某些孤立的虫害发生地点，根除是管理目标，但在较大的虫害发生区域，由于处理过的区域可能会再次受到入侵，局部目标差异很大。这些目标受到监管政策、医疗责任、生态影响和/或经济因素的影响。本文介绍的火蚁管理计划所采用的策略包括文化和生物防治方法，以及明智地使用针对特定地点的杀虫剂产品。此外，还介绍了计划设计方面的考虑因素，包括管理目标、行动阈值、蚁型（单蚁后或多蚁后）、非目标蚁种的存在、处理区域的大小、季节性、实施成本和环境影响。理想情况下，出色的综合虫害管理计划应针对特定目标、由阈值驱动、环境友好且具有成本效益。
