Duke University, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, USA.
Brown University, Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, & Psychological Sciences, USA.
Appl Ergon. 2014 May;45(3):528-33. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2013.07.008. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Career visual searchers such as radiologists and airport security screeners strive to conduct accurate visual searches, but despite extensive training, errors still occur. A key difference between searches in radiology and airport security is the structure of the search task: Radiologists typically scan a certain number of medical images (fixed objective), and airport security screeners typically search X-rays for a specified time period (fixed duration). Might these structural differences affect accuracy? We compared performance on a search task administered either under constraints that approximated radiology or airport security. Some displays contained more than one target because the presence of multiple targets is an established source of errors for career searchers, and accuracy for additional targets tends to be especially sensitive to contextual conditions. Results indicate that participants searching within the fixed objective framework produced more multiple-target search errors; thus, adopting a fixed duration framework could improve accuracy for career searchers.
职业视觉搜索者，如放射科医生和机场安检员，努力进行准确的视觉搜索，但尽管经过广泛的培训，错误仍然会发生。放射科和机场安检的搜索之间的一个关键区别是搜索任务的结构：放射科医生通常扫描一定数量的医学图像（固定目标），而机场安检员通常在特定时间段内搜索 X 光片（固定时长）。这些结构上的差异是否会影响准确性？我们比较了在类似于放射科或机场安检的约束条件下进行的搜索任务的表现。一些显示中包含多个目标，因为多个目标的存在是职业搜索者出错的一个既定来源，并且额外目标的准确性往往特别容易受到上下文条件的影响。结果表明，在固定目标框架内进行搜索的参与者产生了更多的多目标搜索错误；因此，采用固定时长框架可以提高职业搜索者的准确性。
