Sell Jarrett K
Penn State Hershey Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Prim Care. 2013 Sep;40(3):589-617. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
This article presents an overview of current human immunodeficiency (HIV) management for primary care practitioners. Discussion is focused on appropriate screening, antiretroviral treatment, opportunistic infection prophylaxis, laboratory testing and prevention. Improved screening can identify the 20-25% of persons living with HIV in the United States who remain undiagnosed. Expansion of treatment recommendations to include all HIV-infected persons and expanded opportunities for prophylaxis will likely significantly increase the number of persons who receive antiretroviral treatment. Understanding of opportunistic infection prophylaxis, proper vaccination, and comorbid risk factor modification can improve life expectancy for many patients living with chronic stable HIV infection.
本文为基层医疗从业者概述了当前人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的管理方法。讨论重点在于适当的筛查、抗逆转录病毒治疗、机会性感染预防、实验室检测及预防措施。改进后的筛查能够识别出美国20%至25%未被诊断出感染HIV的患者。扩大治疗建议范围以涵盖所有HIV感染者，并增加预防机会，可能会显著增加接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的人数。了解机会性感染预防、正确接种疫苗以及改变合并症风险因素，可提高许多慢性稳定HIV感染者的预期寿命。
