Infection and Immunity Research Centre, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Infect Immun. 2013 Nov;81(11):4071-80. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00786-13. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Needle-free, mucosal immunization is a highly desirable strategy for vaccination against many pathogens, especially those entering through the respiratory mucosa, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Unfortunately, mucosal vaccination against tuberculosis (TB) is impeded by a lack of suitable adjuvants and/or delivery platforms that could induce a protective immune response in humans. Here, we report on a novel biotechnological approach for mucosal vaccination against TB that overcomes some of the current limitations. This is achieved by coating protective TB antigens onto the surface of inert bacterial spores, which are then delivered to the respiratory tract. Our data showed that mice immunized nasally with coated spores developed humoral and cellular immune responses and multifunctional T cells and, most importantly, presented significantly reduced bacterial loads in their lungs and spleens following pathogenic challenge. We conclude that this new vaccine delivery platform merits further development as a mucosal vaccine for TB and possibly also other respiratory pathogens.
无针、黏膜免疫接种是针对许多病原体（尤其是通过呼吸道黏膜进入的病原体，如结核分枝杆菌）进行疫苗接种的理想策略。然而，由于缺乏合适的佐剂和/或递药平台，黏膜接种结核病（TB）受到阻碍，这些佐剂和/或递药平台可在人体中诱导保护性免疫反应。在这里，我们报告了一种针对 TB 的新型黏膜免疫接种的生物技术方法，该方法克服了当前的一些局限性。这是通过将保护性 TB 抗原涂覆在惰性细菌孢子的表面来实现的，然后将其递送到呼吸道。我们的数据表明，经鼻腔用涂覆孢子免疫的小鼠产生了体液和细胞免疫应答以及多功能 T 细胞，最重要的是，在受到致病性挑战后，其肺部和脾脏中的细菌载量显著降低。我们得出结论，这个新的疫苗递送平台作为 TB 以及可能的其他呼吸道病原体的黏膜疫苗值得进一步开发。
