Department of Social Dentistry and Behavioural Sciences ACTA, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Depress Anxiety. 2014 Dec;31(12):1026-34. doi: 10.1002/da.22168. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Dental phobia is part of the Blood-Injection-Injury (B-I-I) phobia subtype of specific phobia within DSM-IV-TR. To investigate the conceptual validity of this classification, the purpose of the present study was to determine the co-occurrence of dental phobia, typical dental (and B-I-I related) fears, vasovagal fainting, and avoidance of dental care.
Data were collected by an online survey in Dutch twin families (n = 11,213).
Individuals with a positive screen of dental phobia (0.4% of the sample) rated typical B-I-I-related stimuli as relatively little anxiety provoking (e.g. of all 28 fears the stimulus "the sight of blood" was ranked lowest). Presence of dental phobia was significantly associated with a history of dizziness or fainting during dental treatment (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.5-8.1), but of the dental phobic individuals only 13.0% reported a history of dizziness or fainting during dental treatment. Presence of dental phobia (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 2.8-8.8) was found to be associated with avoidance of dental care, but a history of dizziness or fainting during dental treatment was not (OR = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.8-1.2).
The present findings converge to the conclusion that dental phobia should be considered a specific phobia subtype independent of the B-I-I cluster within the DSM classification system.
牙科恐惧症是 DSM-IV-TR 中特定恐惧症的血液-注射-伤害（B-I-I）恐惧症亚型的一部分。为了研究这种分类的概念效度，本研究旨在确定牙科恐惧症、典型的牙科（和 B-I-I 相关）恐惧、血管迷走性晕厥以及避免看牙医之间的共同发生。
通过荷兰双胞胎家庭的在线调查收集数据（n=11213）。
牙科恐惧症阳性筛查者（样本的 0.4%）将典型的 B-I-I 相关刺激评为相对较少引起焦虑（例如，在所有 28 种恐惧中，刺激“看到血液”排名最低）。存在牙科恐惧症与牙科治疗期间头晕或晕厥的病史显著相关（OR=3.4；95%CI：1.5-8.1），但在牙科恐惧症患者中，只有 13.0%报告在牙科治疗期间有头晕或晕厥的病史。存在牙科恐惧症（OR=5.0；95%CI：2.8-8.8）与避免看牙医有关，但牙科治疗期间头晕或晕厥的病史没有关系（OR=1.0；95%CI：0.8-1.2）。
本研究结果表明，牙科恐惧症应被视为 DSM 分类系统中独立于 B-I-I 簇的特定恐惧症亚型。
