Macquart-Moulin G, Fancello G, Vincent A, Julian C, Baret C, Ayme S
I.N.S.E.R.M. U 242 Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1990;38(3):201-9.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a support campaign on exclusive breast-feeding at one month postpartum among women having chosen breast-feeding. The study population consisted of all women (n = 657) having delivered in the Maternity Hospital in Pertuis (Area of Vaucluse-France) between January 1, 1987 and December 31, 1988. The first 151 women belonged to the control group not submitted to interventions while the following 506 composed the groups submitted to interventions. Interventions mainly aimed at providing information to women, supporting them after delivery, raising the awareness of their environment and educating Health professionals. Mothers were interviewed at the maternity and at their home one month later. Results showed that interventions significantly increased the number of women breast-feeding at one month (66% vs 52%-p less than 0.01) and reduced physical and medical problems related to breast-feeding (51% vs 60%-NS). To resolve these problems, Health professional education particularly appeared efficacious. The mothers' planned duration of breast-feeding was not significantly changed showing that actions were well conducted, as we wished, in the sense that the choice of mothers was respected. The greatest benefit was seen among the lowest social class (p less than 0.05), the less educated (p less than 0.01), and Maghrebin women (p less than 0.01).
本研究的目的是评估一项支持活动对选择母乳喂养的女性产后一个月纯母乳喂养的影响。研究对象包括1987年1月1日至1988年12月31日期间在法国沃克吕兹省佩尔蒂市妇产医院分娩的所有女性（n = 657）。前151名女性属于未接受干预的对照组，其余506名组成接受干预的组。干预主要旨在向女性提供信息，产后给予支持，提高其周围人群的意识，并对卫生专业人员进行教育。母亲们在产院接受访谈，并于一个月后在家中再次接受访谈。结果显示，干预显著增加了产后一个月进行母乳喂养的女性数量（66%对52%，p<0.01），并减少了与母乳喂养相关的身体和医疗问题（51%对60%，无统计学意义）。为解决这些问题，对卫生专业人员的教育尤为有效。母亲们计划的母乳喂养持续时间没有显著变化，这表明我们希望的行动得到了很好的实施，即尊重了母亲们的选择。在社会阶层最低的人群（p<0.05）、受教育程度较低的人群（p<0.01）和马格里布女性（p<0.01）中观察到了最大的益处。
