Mitra Sophie, Sambamoorthi Usha
Department of Economics and Center for International Policy Studies, Fordham University, Bronx , NY , USA and.
Disabil Rehabil. 2014;36(11):940-7. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2013.825333. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
We estimated disability prevalence among adults at global, regional and country levels using internationally comparable disability data and measure.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the World Health Survey (WHS) (2002-2004) for nationally representative samples of civilian, non-institutionalized populations in 54 countries. A disability was measured as having at least one severe or extreme difficulty with bodily functions (seeing, concentrating) and activities (moving around, self-care) based on an individual's self-reports.
In the 54 countries under study, severe or extreme functional or activity difficulties are highly prevalent. For all countries, disability prevalence is estimated at 14% for all adults. Low and middle income countries have higher disability prevalence compared to high income countries. Among subgroups, disability prevalence stands at 12% among working age adults and 39% among the elderly. Women have higher prevalence than men.
Disability is found to be highly prevalent among adults, with an estimated global prevalence at 14%. Disability deserves enhanced policy attention and resources in public health and international development.
我们利用具有国际可比性的残疾数据和衡量标准，估算了全球、区域和国家层面成年人的残疾患病率。
我们对世界卫生调查（2002 - 2004年）的数据进行了回顾性分析，这些数据来自54个国家具有全国代表性的非机构化平民样本。根据个人自我报告，若在身体功能（视力、注意力）和活动（四处走动、自我照料）方面至少存在一项严重或极度困难，则判定为残疾。
在所研究的54个国家中，严重或极度的功能或活动困难极为普遍。所有国家的所有成年人残疾患病率估计为14%。与高收入国家相比，低收入和中等收入国家的残疾患病率更高。在各亚组中，工作年龄成年人的残疾患病率为12%，老年人为39%。女性的患病率高于男性。
残疾在成年人中极为普遍，全球估计患病率为14%。在公共卫生和国际发展领域，残疾问题应得到更多的政策关注和资源投入。
