Scanlin Kathleen, Haardoerfer Regine, Kegler Michelle C, Glanz Karen
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Prevention Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
J Phys Act Health. 2014 Aug;11(6):1085-96. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0224. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Recently, investigators have begun to refine audit instruments for use in rural areas. However, no studies have developed a walkability summary score or have correlated built environment characteristics with physical activity behavior.
The Rural Pedestrian Environmental Audit Instrument was developed specifically for use in rural areas. Segments surrounding participant's homes were selected to represent neighborhood streets (N = 116). Interrater reliability was conducted on a subset of streets (N = 42). Rural-specific domain and walkability scores were developed and correlated with individual-level data on perceptions of the neighborhood and self-reported physical activity behavior.
Interrater reliability for the instrument was substantial and all domains had high agreement. Walkability in the audited area was low with even the best segments demonstrating only moderate support for walking. There were no significant correlations between the neighborhood walkability score and self-reported neighborhood walkability, time spent walking, sedentary behavior, or BMI; however, a few correlations within the social/dynamic domain were significant.
This study expands recent research refining audit instruments for rural areas. Findings suggest the usefulness of summarizing environmental data at the domain level and linking it to physical activity behavior to identify aspects of the neighborhood environment that are most strongly correlated with actual behavior.
最近，研究人员已开始完善用于农村地区的审计工具。然而，尚无研究开发出步行适宜性综合评分，也未将建成环境特征与身体活动行为进行关联。
农村行人环境审计工具是专门为农村地区使用而开发的。选择参与者家周围的路段来代表邻里街道（N = 116）。对一部分街道（N = 42）进行了评分者间信度检验。开发了农村特定领域和步行适宜性评分，并将其与关于邻里感知和自我报告身体活动行为的个体层面数据进行关联。
该工具的评分者间信度较高，所有领域的一致性都很高。被审计区域的步行适宜性较低，即使是最好的路段对步行的支持也仅为中等程度。邻里步行适宜性评分与自我报告的邻里步行适宜性、步行时间、久坐行为或体重指数之间无显著相关性；然而，社会/动态领域内的一些相关性是显著的。
本研究扩展了近期针对农村地区完善审计工具的研究。研究结果表明，在领域层面总结环境数据并将其与身体活动行为相联系，以识别与实际行为最密切相关的邻里环境方面是有用的。
