Department of Orthopedics, Trace Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2104 Engineering Centers Building, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Hum Factors. 2013 Aug;55(4):789-802. doi: 10.1177/0018720812470843.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sitting and standing on performance and touch characteristics during a digit entry touch screen task in individuals with and without motor-control disabilities.
Previously, researchers of touch screen design have not considered the effect of posture (sitting vs. standing) on touch screen performance (accuracy and timing) and touch characteristics (force and impulse).
Participants with motor-control disabilities (n = 15) and without (n = 15) completed a four-digit touch screen number entry task in both sitting and standing postures. Button sizes varied from 10 mm to 30 mm (5-mm increments), and button gap was 3 mm or 5 mm.
Participants had more misses and took longer to complete the task during standing for smaller button sizes (< 20 mm). At larger button sizes, performance was similar for both sitting and standing. In general, misses, time to complete task, and touch characteristics were increased for standing. Although disability affected performance (misses and timing), similar trends were observed for both groups across posture and button size.
Standing affects performance at smaller button sizes (< 20 mm). For participants with and without motor-control disabilities, standing led to greater exerted force and impulse.
Along with interface design considerations, environmental conditions should also be considered to improve touch screen accessibility and usability.
本研究旨在评估在有和没有运动控制障碍的个体进行数字输入触摸屏幕任务时，坐姿和站姿对表现和触摸特性的影响。
此前，触摸屏幕设计研究人员尚未考虑姿势（坐姿与站姿）对触摸屏幕性能（准确性和时间）和触摸特性（力和冲量）的影响。
15 名患有运动控制障碍的参与者和 15 名无运动控制障碍的参与者分别在坐姿和站姿下完成了一个四位数的触摸屏幕数字输入任务。按钮尺寸从 10 毫米变化到 30 毫米（每次增加 5 毫米），按钮间隙为 3 毫米或 5 毫米。
参与者在使用较小的按钮尺寸（<20 毫米）时，站立时的错误和完成任务所需的时间更长。在较大的按钮尺寸下，坐姿和站姿的表现相似。总体而言，站立会增加错误、完成任务所需的时间以及触摸特性。尽管残疾会影响表现（错误和时间），但两组在姿势和按钮尺寸方面都观察到了类似的趋势。
站立会影响较小按钮尺寸（<20 毫米）的表现。对于患有和不患有运动控制障碍的参与者，站立会导致更大的施力和冲量。
除了界面设计考虑因素外，还应考虑环境条件，以提高触摸屏幕的可访问性和可用性。
