Gossett K A, French D D, Cleghorn B, Church G E
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.
Am J Vet Res. 1990 Sep;51(9):1375-9.
L-Lactic acid and D,L-lactic acid infusion in ponies resulted in metabolic acidosis with high anion gap (AG). Increased AG was explained entirely by increased blood L- and D-lactate concentrations. Hydrochloric acid infusion caused metabolic acidosis with decreased AG. Saline (NaCl) infusion caused mild metabolic acidosis, with no significant change in AG. Plasma K+ concentration was decreased by all types of infusions, with a maximum of 0.50, 0.25, 0.40, 0.50 mmol/L below baseline at the end of infusion in the L-lactic acid-, D,L-lactic acid-, HCl-, and NaCl-infused ponies, respectively. Only hydrochloric acid had a tendency to increase plasma K+ concentration. Hypophosphatemia developed in NaCl- and HCl-infused ponies, but not in the D,L-lactic acid-infused ponies. Serum inorganic phosphate concentration in L-lactic acid-infused ponies increased initially, but was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than values in the other ponies at 4 hours after onset of infusion. In ponies, the effect of acidemia on plasma K+ and serum inorganic phosphate concentrations was similar to that reported for other species. Changes were small in magnitude and depended on the nature of the acid anion. Results indicate that large changes in plasma K+ and serum inorganic phosphate concentrations during acidosis are probably not a direct result of acidemia.
给小马输注L-乳酸和D,L-乳酸会导致伴有高阴离子间隙（AG）的代谢性酸中毒。AG升高完全是由血液中L-和D-乳酸浓度升高所致。输注盐酸会导致AG降低的代谢性酸中毒。输注生理盐水（NaCl）会引起轻度代谢性酸中毒，AG无显著变化。所有类型的输注都会使血浆K⁺浓度降低，在输注L-乳酸、D,L-乳酸、HCl和NaCl的小马中，输注结束时血浆K⁺浓度分别比基线低最多0.50、0.25、0.40、0.50 mmol/L。只有盐酸有使血浆K⁺浓度升高的趋势。输注NaCl和HCl的小马出现了低磷血症，但输注D,L-乳酸的小马未出现。输注L-乳酸的小马血清无机磷酸盐浓度最初升高，但在输注开始后4小时显著（P小于0.05）低于其他小马的值。在小马中，酸血症对血浆K⁺和血清无机磷酸盐浓度的影响与其他物种的报道相似。变化幅度较小，且取决于酸性阴离子的性质。结果表明，酸中毒期间血浆K⁺和血清无机磷酸盐浓度的大幅变化可能不是酸血症的直接结果。
