Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2013 Sep;14(6):515-31. doi: 10.2174/13892037113149990068.
Living organisms are in perpetual contact with pathogenic microbes, and in encounter with parasites and predators. In order to protect themselves, they produce a variety of antimicrobial proteins and peptides. One family of such protective or defensive proteins is known as defensins, characterized by a cationic character, a low molecular mass, and an abundance of cysteine residues. Defensins from mammals and plants have been succinctly reviewed by a number of experts in this ever-growing field. This review encompasses the defensin plectasin from the saprophytic fungus Pseudoplectania nigrella as well as defensins and defensin-like peptides from invertebrate animals such as jellyfish, sponges, nematodes, crustaceans, arachnids, insects, bivalves, snails, and sea urchins. Big defensins from mollusks are mentioned together with amphioxus big defensin. The structures and activities of these defense proteins are discussed.
生物体与致病微生物、寄生虫和捕食者持续接触。为了保护自己，它们产生了多种抗菌蛋白和肽。其中一类具有保护或防御功能的蛋白质被称为防御素，其特征为正电荷、低分子量和丰富的半胱氨酸残基。在这个不断发展的领域，许多专家已经对哺乳动物和植物的防御素进行了简要的综述。本综述涵盖了腐生真菌假黑瘤菌中的防御素 plectasin 以及来自水母、海绵、线虫、甲壳类动物、蛛形纲动物、昆虫、双壳类动物、蜗牛和海胆等无脊椎动物的防御素和防御素样肽。还提到了来自软体动物的大型防御素以及文昌鱼大型防御素。讨论了这些防御蛋白的结构和活性。
