de la Iglesia Rocio, Lopez-Legarrea Patricia, Abete Itziar, Bondia-Pons Isabel, Navas-Carretero Santiago, Forga Luis, Martinez J Alfredo, Zulet M Angeles
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Neuroscience, BioDonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.
Br J Nutr. 2014 Feb;111(4):643-52. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513002778. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
The long-term effects of dietary strategies designed to combat the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a new dietary strategy based on macronutrient distribution, antioxidant capacity and meal frequency (MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) diet) for the treatment of the MetS when compared with the American Heart Association guidelines, used as Control. Subjects with the MetS (fifty-two men and forty-one women, age 49 (se 1) years, BMI 36·11 (se 0·5) kg/m²) were randomly assigned to one of two dietary groups. After a 2-month nutritional-learning intervention period, during which a nutritional assessment was made for the participants every 15 d, a 4-month self-control period began. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning anthropometry, but only the RESMENA group exhibited a significant decrease in body weight ( - 1·7%; P= 0·018), BMI ( - 1·7%; P= 0·019), waist circumference ( - 1·8%; P= 0·021), waist:hip ratio ( - 1·4%; P= 0·035) and android fat mass ( - 6·9%; P= 0·008). The RESMENA group exhibited a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations ( - 26·8%; P= 0·008 and - 14·0%; P= 0·018, respectively), while the Control group exhibited a significant increase in glucose (7·9%; P= 0·011), AST (11·3%; P= 0·045) and uric acid (9·0%; P< 0·001) concentrations. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were increased (Control group: 34·4%; P< 0·001 and RESMENA group: 33·8%; P< 0·001), but interestingly so were the LDL-C:apoB ratio (Control group: 28·7%; P< 0·001, RESMENA group: 17·1%; P= 0·009) and HDL-cholesterol concentrations (Control group: 21·1%; P< 0·001, RESMENA group: 8·7; P= 0·001). Fibre was the dietary component that most contributed to the improvement of anthropometry, while body-weight loss explained changes in some biochemical markers. In conclusion, the RESMENA diet is a good long-term dietary treatment for the MetS.
旨在对抗代谢综合征（MetS）的饮食策略的长期效果尚不清楚。本研究评估了一种基于宏量营养素分布、抗氧化能力和进餐频率的新饮食策略（纳瓦拉代谢综合征减少饮食法（RESMENA饮食法））在治疗代谢综合征方面的有效性，并与作为对照的美国心脏协会指南进行比较。患有代谢综合征的受试者（52名男性和41名女性，年龄49（标准误1）岁，体重指数36.11（标准误0.5）kg/m²）被随机分配到两个饮食组之一。在为期2个月的营养学习干预期内，每15天对参与者进行一次营养评估，之后开始为期4个月的自我控制期。两组在人体测量学方面未发现显著差异，但只有RESMENA组的体重（-1.7%；P=0.018）、体重指数（-1.7%；P=0.019）、腰围（-1.8%；P=0.021）、腰臀比（-1.4%；P=0.035）和腹部脂肪量（-6.9%；P=0.008）显著下降。RESMENA组的丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）浓度显著降低（分别为-26.8%；P=0.008和-14.0%；P=0.018），而对照组的血糖（7.9%；P=0.011）、AST（11.3%；P=0.045）和尿酸（9.0%；P<0.001）浓度显著升高。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度升高（对照组：34.4%；P<0.001，RESMENA组：33.8%；P<0.001），但有趣的是，LDL-C与载脂蛋白B的比值（对照组：28.7%；P<0.001，RESMENA组：17.1%；P=0.009）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（对照组：21.1%；P<0.001，RESMENA组：8.7；P=0.001）也升高。纤维是对人体测量学改善贡献最大的饮食成分，而体重减轻解释了一些生化指标的变化。总之，RESMENA饮食法是治疗代谢综合征的一种良好的长期饮食疗法。
