Research for Older Adult Driver Initiative, Occupational Therapy Department, East Carolina University, 3305 Health Sciences Building, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2013 Sep-Oct;67(5):564-73. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2013.007823.
OBJECTIVE. This article describes the use of assessment tools by North American driver rehabilitation specialists (DRSs). PARTICIPANTS. Participants were 227 self-identified DRSs from the combined databases of two national associations. MEASURES. Information was solicited through a self-administered survey about the driving evaluation process, assessment tools, and process for making fitness-to-drive recommendations. RESULTS. More than 80% of the DRSs reported testing visual acuity, range of motion, muscle strength, and fine motor coordination. The most consistently used cognitive-perceptual tests were the Trail Making Tests, Motor-Free Visual Perception Test-Revised, and short cognitive screening tests. A client's behind-the-wheel performance was the main factor in making a fitness-to-drive recommendation. Few specialists are using computer-based tests or interactive driving simulators. CONCLUSION. Although use of the Useful Field of View(®) has increased, there continues to be no consistency in cognitive assessments or guidelines for behind-the-wheel assessment. Implications for practice are discussed.
目的。本文描述了北美驾驶康复专家（DRS）使用评估工具的情况。
参与者。参与者是来自两个国家协会的联合数据库中的 227 名自我认定的 DRS。
措施。通过自我管理的调查，了解驾驶评估过程、评估工具以及做出适合驾驶建议的过程。
结果。超过 80%的 DRS 报告测试了视力、运动范围、肌肉力量和精细运动协调。最常用的认知知觉测试是连线测试、修正后的无动机视觉知觉测试和简短的认知筛查测试。客户的驾驶表现是做出适合驾驶建议的主要因素。很少有专家使用基于计算机的测试或交互式驾驶模拟器。
结论。尽管有用视野（®）的使用有所增加，但在认知评估或路考评估方面仍缺乏一致性。讨论了对实践的影响。
