Department of Psychiatric Emergency, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, France.
Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013 Sep-Oct;38(5):380-90. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3182a1f0db.
Primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is defined as an "intraoral burning for which no medical or dental cause was found." Lifetime prevalence ranges from 3.7% to 18% - 40% in the elderly. There is no consensus among experts on the diagnostic criteria of BMS, the etiology is poorly understood, and there are no existing clinical guidelines. Therefore, BMS is often underdiagnosed and its management complex. For patients with BMS, this lack of clinical expertise may result in decreased quality of life and increased psychological distress.We conducted a systematic review to identify clinical features, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies for BMS. We discuss the multifactorial origin, involving peripheral nerve dysfunction and hormonal dysfunction, as well as psychological traits. We also describe the results of randomized clinical trials for each treatment through a pathophysiologic approach. This review should help clinicians recognize BMS, understand its pathophysiology, and gain an enhanced scientific understanding of therapeutic alternatives.
原发性灼口综合征（BMS）定义为“口腔内烧灼感，未发现医学或牙科原因”。终生患病率在老年人中为 3.7%至 18%至 40%。BMS 的诊断标准在专家中没有共识，病因尚不清楚，也没有现有的临床指南。因此，BMS 常常被漏诊，其治疗也很复杂。对于 BMS 患者，这种临床专业知识的缺乏可能导致生活质量下降和心理困扰增加。我们进行了一项系统评价，以确定 BMS 的临床特征、病理生理学和治疗策略。我们讨论了涉及外周神经功能障碍和激素功能障碍以及心理特征的多因素起源。我们还通过病理生理方法描述了每种治疗方法的随机临床试验结果。本综述应有助于临床医生识别 BMS，了解其病理生理学，并增强对治疗选择的科学理解。
