Dziuban E J, Marton S A, Hughey A B, Mbingo T L, Draper H R, Schutze G E
Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
Int J STD AIDS. 2013 Jul;24(7):561-5. doi: 10.1177/0956462413476274. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important co-morbidity in the HIV epidemic. A retrospective chart review was performed of HIV-infected patients with no previous antiretroviral history enrolled in a Swaziland clinic from January 2009 to May 2011. The seroprevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) was calculated and the data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact tests. A total of 1282 patients were included in analysis. Five hundred were children aged <15 years. Overall HBsAg seroprevalence was 3.7% (1.4% of children and 5.1% of adults). Prevalence in under-5s was low (0.4%). Among adult women and men, prevalence was 4.2% and 9.8%, respectively (P = 0.022). Median alanine aminotransferase level was 19 U/L in the HBsAg-negative adults and 25 U/L in the HBsAg-positive adults (P = 0.005). Given the number of patients found to be HBsAg-positive, especially among adults, it is important for antiretroviral programmes to consider universal screening and strategically utilize medications that have been found effective in treating both HBV and HIV.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是艾滋病流行中的一种重要合并症。对2009年1月至2011年5月在斯威士兰一家诊所登记的无抗逆转录病毒治疗史的HIV感染患者进行了回顾性病历审查。计算了HBV表面抗原（HBsAg）的血清流行率，并使用Mann-Whitney U检验和Fisher精确检验对数据进行了分析。共有1282名患者纳入分析。其中500名是年龄小于15岁的儿童。总体HBsAg血清流行率为3.7%（儿童为1.4%，成人为5.1%）。5岁以下儿童的流行率较低（0.4%）。成年女性和男性的流行率分别为4.2%和9.8%（P = 0.022）。HBsAg阴性成年人的丙氨酸转氨酶中位数水平为19 U/L，HBsAg阳性成年人的为25 U/L（P = 0.005）。鉴于发现HBsAg阳性的患者数量，特别是在成年人中，抗逆转录病毒治疗方案考虑进行普遍筛查并战略性地使用已被证明对治疗HBV和HIV均有效的药物非常重要。
