Calleja-Panero José Luis, Llop-Herrera Elba, Ruiz-Moraga Montserrat, de-la-Revilla-Negro Juan, Calvo-Bonacho Eva, Pons-Renedo Fernando, Martínez-Porras José Luis, Vallejo-Gutiérrez Dolores, Arregui Carmen, Abreu-García Luis
Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2013 May-Jun;105(5):249-54. doi: 10.4321/s1130-01082013000500002.
prevalence of viral hepatitis (B and C) changes geographically. Our aim was to determinate the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) serological markers in healthy working population and to describe the epidemiological characteristics associated to its presence.
blood samples and epidemiological data of 5,017 healthy workers from Murcia and Madrid were recorded prospectively.
a total of 5,017 healthy volunteers participated. Mean age 39 ± 11 years, men predominance (73 %). Prevalence of serological markers of HCV and HBV was 0.6 % and 0.7 %. Age of patients with HCV antibody was significantly higher (43 + or - 9 years vs. 39 + or - 11 years; p = 0.03). We observed significant differences in liver test values (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] 64 ± 56 IU/L vs. 28 ± 20 IU/L; p < 0.001; aspartate aminotransferase [AST] (51 + or - 45 IU/L vs. 23 + or - 12 IU/L; p < 0.001) and in gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) value (104 + or - 122 IU/L vs. 37 + or - 46 IU/L; p < 0.001. The presence of HCV antibody was related significantly to previous transfusion (13 % vs. 5 %; p = 0.03), tattoos (29 % vs. 13 %; p < 0.01), intravenous drug addiction (13 % vs. 0.2 %; p < 0.001) and coexistence with people with positive HCV antibody (16 % vs. 4 %; p < 0.001). In HBV no differences in basal characteristics were observed with exception in AST values (29 + or - 15 IU/L vs. 23 + or - 12 IU/L; p < 0.01). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was related significantly to previous transfusion (15 % vs. 5 %; p < 0.01), tattoos (26 % vs. 14 %; p = 0.04) and coexistence with people with positive HBsAg (17 % vs. 4 %; p < 0.001).
Prevalence of serological markers in healthy working population is low. Risk factors for infection were previous transfusion and tattoos. Intravenous drug addiction was only a risk factor in HCV.
病毒性肝炎（乙型和丙型）的患病率存在地域差异。我们的目的是确定健康工作人群中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）血清学标志物的患病率，并描述与其存在相关的流行病学特征。
前瞻性记录了来自穆尔西亚和马德里的5017名健康工作者的血样和流行病学数据。
共有5017名健康志愿者参与。平均年龄39±11岁，男性占主导（73%）。HCV和HBV血清学标志物的患病率分别为0.6%和0.7%。HCV抗体阳性患者的年龄显著更高（43±9岁对39±11岁；p = 0.03）。我们观察到肝功能检查值存在显著差异（丙氨酸转氨酶[ALT]64±56 IU/L对28±20 IU/L；p < 0.001；天冬氨酸转氨酶[AST]（51±45 IU/L对23±12 IU/L；p < 0.001）以及γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）值（104±122 IU/L对37±46 IU/L；p < 0.001）。HCV抗体的存在与既往输血显著相关（13%对5%；p = 0.03）、纹身（29%对13%；p < 0.01）、静脉吸毒（13%对0.2%；p < 0.001）以及与HCV抗体阳性者共存（16%对4%；p < 0.001）。在HBV方面，除AST值外（29±15 IU/L对23±12 IU/L；p < 0.01），未观察到基础特征的差异。乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）与既往输血显著相关（15%对5%；p < 0.01）、纹身（26%对14%；p = 0.04）以及与HBsAg阳性者共存（17%对4%；p < 0.001）。
健康工作人群中血清学标志物的患病率较低。感染的危险因素是既往输血和纹身。静脉吸毒仅是HCV的一个危险因素。
