Department of Biology, Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:699-705. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.095. Epub 2013 Aug 25.
Bioremediation of pesticide-polluted soil may be more efficient using mixed fungal-bacterial cultures rather than the individual strains alone. This may be due to cooperative catabolism, where the first organism transforms the pollutant to products which are then used by the second organism. In addition, fungal hyphae may function as transport vectors for bacteria, thereby facilitating a more effective spreading of degrader organisms in the soil. A more rapid mineralization of the phenylurea herbicide diuron was found in sand with added microbial consortia consisting of both degrading bacteria and fungi. Facilitated transport of bacteria by fungal hyphae was demonstrated using a system where herbicide-spiked sand was separated from the consortium by a layer of sterile glass beads. Several fungal-bacterial consortia were investigated by combining different diuron-degrading bacteria (Sphingomonas sp. SRS2, Variovorax sp. SRS16, and Arthrobacter globiformis D47) and fungi (Mortierella sp. LEJ702 and LEJ703). The fastest mineralization of (14)C-labeled diuron was seen in the consortium consisting of Mortierella LEJ702, Variovorax SRS16, and A. globiformis D47, as measured by evolved (14)CO2. In addition, the production of diuron metabolites by this consortium was minimal. Analyses of 16S rDNA suggested that bacteria were transported more efficiently by LEJ702 than by LEJ703. Finally, it was determined that the fungal growth differed for LEJ702 and LEJ703 in the three-member consortia. This study demonstrates new possibilities for applying efficient fungal-bacterial consortia for bioremediation of polluted soil.
利用混合真菌-细菌培养物进行生物修复可能比单独使用单一菌株更有效。这可能是由于共代谢作用，即第一个生物体将污染物转化为产物，然后被第二个生物体利用。此外，真菌菌丝可能作为细菌的运输载体，从而促进降解生物在土壤中更有效地扩散。在添加了由降解细菌和真菌组成的微生物共生体的沙中，苯基脲除草剂敌草隆的矿化速度更快。通过使用一种系统来证明真菌菌丝对细菌的促进运输，其中含有除草剂的沙与一层无菌玻璃珠分离。通过将不同的敌草隆降解细菌（Sphingomonas sp. SRS2、Variovorax sp. SRS16 和 Arthrobacter globiformis D47）和真菌（Mortierella sp. LEJ702 和 LEJ703）组合，研究了几种真菌-细菌共生体。通过测量释放的 (14)CO2，发现由 Mortierella LEJ702、Variovorax SRS16 和 A. globiformis D47 组成的共生体最快地矿化了 (14)C 标记的敌草隆。此外，该共生体产生的敌草隆代谢物最少。16S rDNA 分析表明，细菌通过 LEJ702 的运输效率高于 LEJ703。最后，确定在三个成员的共生体中，LEJ702 和 LEJ703 的真菌生长情况不同。本研究为应用高效真菌-细菌共生体进行污染土壤的生物修复提供了新的可能性。
