Villaverde J, Rubio-Bellido M, Merchán F, Morillo E
Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Spain.
Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Mar 1;188:379-386. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.020. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
Diuron is a biologically active pollutant present in soil, water and sediments. It is persistent in soil, water and groundwater and slightly toxic to mammals and birds as well as moderately toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Its principal product of biodegradation, 3,4-dichloroaniline, exhibits a higher toxicity than diuron and is also persistent in the environment. On this basis, the objective of the study was to determine the potential capacity of a proposed novel diuron-degrading microbial consortium (DMC) for achieving not only diuron degradation, but its mineralisation both in solution as well as in soils with different properties. The consortium was tested in a soil solution where diuron was the only carbon source, and more than 98.8% of the diuron initially added was mineralised after only a few days. The consortium was composed of three diuron-degrading strains, Arthrobacter sulfonivorans, Variovorax soli and Advenella sp. JRO, the latter had been isolated in our laboratory from a highly contaminated industrial site. This work shows for the first time the potential capacity of a member of the genus Advenella to remediate pesticide-contaminated soils. However, neither of the three strains separately achieved mineralisation (ring-C) of diuron in a mineral medium (MSM) with a trace nutrient solution (NS); combined in pairs, they mineralised 40% of diuron in solution, but the most relevant result was obtained in the presence of the three-member consortium, where complete diuron mineralisation was achieved after only a few days. In the presence of the investigated soils in suspension, the capacity of the consortium to mineralise diuron was evaluated, achieving mineralisation of a wide range of herbicides from 22.9 to 69.0%.
敌草隆是一种存在于土壤、水和沉积物中的生物活性污染物。它在土壤、水和地下水中具有持久性，对哺乳动物和鸟类有轻微毒性，对水生无脊椎动物有中等毒性。其主要生物降解产物3,4-二氯苯胺的毒性比敌草隆更高，在环境中也具有持久性。在此基础上，本研究的目的是确定一种新型的敌草隆降解微生物群落（DMC）不仅在溶液中，而且在不同性质土壤中实现敌草隆降解及其矿化的潜在能力。该微生物群落在以敌草隆为唯一碳源的土壤溶液中进行测试，仅几天后，最初添加的敌草隆就有超过98.8%被矿化。该微生物群落由三株敌草隆降解菌株组成，分别是嗜硫节杆菌、土壤贪铜菌和Advenella sp. JRO，后者是我们实验室从一个高度污染的工业场地分离出来的。这项工作首次展示了Advenella属成员修复农药污染土壤的潜在能力。然而，这三株菌株单独在含有微量营养液（NS）的矿物培养基（MSM）中均未实现敌草隆的矿化（环-C）；两两组合时，它们在溶液中矿化了40%的敌草隆，但最显著的结果是在三元微生物群落存在的情况下获得的，仅几天后就实现了敌草隆的完全矿化。在存在悬浮的被研究土壤的情况下，评估了该微生物群落矿化敌草隆的能力，实现了22.9%至69.0%的多种除草剂的矿化。
