Medizinische Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
Hear Res. 2014 Jan;307:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
The physical intensity of a sound, usually expressed in dB on a logarithmic ratio scale, can easily be measured using technical equipment. Loudness is the perceptual correlate of sound intensity, and is usually determined by means of some sort of psychophysical scaling procedure. The interrelation of sound intensity and perceived loudness is still a matter of debate, and the physiological correlate of loudness perception in the human auditory pathway is not completely understood. Various studies indicate that the activation in human auditory cortex is more a representation of loudness sensation rather than of physical sound pressure level. This raises the questions (1), at what stage or stages in the ascending auditory pathway is the transformation of the physical stimulus into its perceptual correlate completed, and (2), to what extent other factors affecting individual loudness judgements might modulate the brain activation as registered by auditory neuroimaging. An overview is given about recent studies on the effects of sound intensity, duration, bandwidth and individual hearing status on the activation in the human auditory system, as measured by various approaches in auditory neuroimaging. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Human Auditory Neuroimaging.
声音的物理强度，通常用对数比刻度上的分贝表示，可以很容易地使用技术设备进行测量。响度是声音强度的知觉相关物，通常通过某种心理物理标度程序来确定。声音强度和感知到的响度之间的关系仍然存在争议，人类听觉通路中响度感知的生理相关物尚不完全清楚。各种研究表明，人类听觉皮层的激活更多地是对响度感觉的表示，而不是对物理声压级的表示。这就提出了以下问题：(1)在听觉通路上行的哪个或哪些阶段，物理刺激完成了向知觉相关物的转换，以及(2)影响个体响度判断的其他因素在多大程度上可能调节听觉神经影像学所记录的大脑激活。本文概述了关于声音强度、持续时间、带宽和个体听力状况对人类听觉系统激活影响的最新研究，这些研究采用了听觉神经影像学中的各种方法进行测量。本文是题为“人类听觉神经影像学”的特刊的一部分。
