Knowlden Adam P, Sharma Manoj
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2013 Aug;24(3):1194-214. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2013.0129.
Minority groups are disproportionally affected by the obesity epidemic. Schools represent an environment conducive to targeting obesogenic risk factors. The purpose of this review was to analyze systematically school-based interventions targeting African American and Hispanic children.
Inclusion criteria were: completed experimental and quasi-experimental interventions targeting African American or Hispanic children in school settings located in the United States.
A total of 10 articles met the specified inclusion criteria. Programs that affected body composition included physical activity and nutritional modalities and three of the programs modified school meals. Eight of the interventions incorporated behavioral theory as the framework for the intervention; however, only two programs explicitly operationalized the theories employed.
Efficacy of school-based interventions targeting minorities can be enhanced through explicit operationalization of behavioral theories, incorporation of systematic process evaluation, long-term follow-up of intervention outcomes, and inclusion of the family and home environment.
少数群体受肥胖流行的影响尤为严重。学校是一个有利于针对致肥胖风险因素的环境。本综述的目的是系统分析针对非裔美国人和西班牙裔儿童的校内干预措施。
纳入标准为：在美国境内学校环境中针对非裔美国或西班牙裔儿童完成的实验性和准实验性干预措施。
共有10篇文章符合指定的纳入标准。影响身体成分的项目包括体育活动和营养方式，其中三个项目改变了学校膳食。八项干预措施将行为理论作为干预框架；然而，只有两个项目明确实施了所采用的理论。
针对少数群体的校内干预措施的效果可以通过行为理论的明确实施、系统过程评估的纳入、干预结果的长期随访以及家庭和家庭环境的纳入来提高。
