Kim-Spoon Jungmeen, Farley Julee P, Holmes Christopher, Longo Gregory S, McCullough Michael E
Department of Psychology (MC 0436), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA,
J Youth Adolesc. 2014 May;43(5):745-56. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013-9998-1. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
Empirical evidence suggests that religiousness is related negatively to adolescent substance use; yet, we know little about how such protective effects might occur. The current study examined whether parents' and adolescents' religiousness are associated positively with parental, religious, and self-monitoring, which in turn are related to higher self-control, thereby related to lower adolescent substance use. Participants were 220 adolescents (45 % female) who were interviewed at ages 10-16 and again 2.4 years later. Structural equation modeling analyses suggested that higher adolescents' religiousness at Time 1 was related to lower substance use at Time 2 indirectly through religious monitoring, self-monitoring, and self-control. Higher parents' religiousness at Time 1 was associated with higher parental monitoring at Time 2, which in turn was related to lower adolescent substance use at Time 2 directly and indirectly through higher adolescent self-control. The results illustrate that adolescents with high awareness of being monitored by God are likely to show high self-control abilities and, consequently, low substance use. The findings further suggest that adolescents' religiousness as well as their religious environments (e.g., familial context) can facilitate desirable developmental outcomes.
实证证据表明，宗教信仰与青少年物质使用呈负相关；然而，我们对这种保护作用可能如何发生却知之甚少。当前的研究考察了父母和青少年的宗教信仰是否与父母监督、宗教监督和自我监督呈正相关，而这些监督又与更高的自我控制相关，进而与更低的青少年物质使用相关。研究参与者为220名青少年（45%为女性），他们在10至16岁时接受了访谈，并在2.4年后再次接受访谈。结构方程模型分析表明，在时间1时青少年更高的宗教信仰通过宗教监督、自我监督和自我控制间接与时间2时更低的物质使用相关。在时间1时父母更高的宗教信仰与时间2时更高的父母监督相关，而这又通过青少年更高的自我控制直接和间接地与时间2时更低的青少年物质使用相关。结果表明，对被上帝监督有高度意识的青少年可能表现出较高的自我控制能力，因此物质使用较低。研究结果进一步表明，青少年的宗教信仰及其宗教环境（如家庭环境）可以促进理想的发展结果。
