Carbon nanofiber electrode for neurochemical monitoring.

The ability to rapidly detect neurotransmitter release has broad implications in the study of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Electrochemical detection methods using carbon nanofiber nanoelectrodes integrated into the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration Sensing System (WINCS) offer many important advantages including biocompatibility, selectivity, sensitivity, and rapid adsorption kinetics. Carbon nanofiber nanoelectrodes exhibit greater selectivity and sensitivity in the electrochemical detection of neurotransmitters compared to macroelectrodes and are able to resolve a ternary mixture of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and ascorbic acid as well as to detect individual neurotransmitters in concentrations as low as 50 nM for DA and 100 nM for 5-HT using differential pulse voltammetry. Adsorption kinetics studies and isopropyl alcohol treatments modeled on previous studies on carbon fiber microelectrodes were conducted to investigate the analogous properties on carbon nanofiber electrodes using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry with WINCS and showed analogous results in carbon nanofiber electrodes compared with carbon fiber microelectrodes.