University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Eval Health Prof. 2013 Sep;36(3):352-81. doi: 10.1177/0163278713496630.
The versatility, speed, and reduced costs with which web surveys can be conducted with clinicians are often offset by low response rates. Drawing on best practices and general recommendations in the literature, we provide an evidence-based overview of methods for conducting online surveys with providers. We highlight important advantages and disadvantages of conducting provider surveys online and include a review of differences in response rates between web and mail surveys of clinicians. When administered online, design-based features affect rates of survey participation and data quality. We examine features likely to have an impact including sample frames, incentives, contacts (type, timing, and content), mixed-mode approaches, and questionnaire length. We make several recommendations regarding optimal web-based designs, but more empirical research is needed, particularly with regard to identifying which combinations of incentive and contact approaches yield the highest response rates and are the most cost-effective.
网络调查在临床医生中具有多功能性、速度快、成本低，但响应率通常较低。借鉴文献中的最佳实践和一般建议，我们提供了一个基于证据的概述，介绍了与提供者进行在线调查的方法。我们强调了在线进行提供者调查的重要优点和缺点，并包括对临床医生的网络和邮件调查之间的响应率差异的回顾。当在线管理时，基于设计的特征会影响调查参与率和数据质量。我们研究了可能产生影响的特征，包括样本框架、激励措施、联系（类型、时间和内容）、混合模式方法以及问卷长度。我们就最佳的基于网络的设计提出了一些建议，但还需要更多的实证研究，特别是要确定哪种激励和联系方式的组合可以产生最高的响应率，并且最具成本效益。
