Yamashita Shunichi, Suzuki Shinichi
Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan.
Respir Investig. 2013 Sep;51(3):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2013.05.007. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
The appropriateness of the initial response and countermeasures taken following the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident after the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 should be further examined. Implementation of a prospective epidemiological study on human health risks from low-dose radiation exposure and comprehensive health protection from radiation should be emphasized on a basis of the lessons learnt from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. In contrast, the doses to a vast majority of the population in Fukushima were not high enough to expect to see any increase in incidence of cancer and health effects in the future, however, public concerns about the long-term health effects of radioactive environmental contamination have increased in Japan. Since May 2011, the Fukushima Prefecture started the Fukushima Health Management Survey Project with the purpose of long-term health care administration and early medical diagnosis/treatment for prefectural residents. In this report, risk and countermeasures of thyroid cancer occurrence after nuclear accidents, especially due to early exposure of radioactive iodine, will be focused upon to understand the current situation of risk of thyroid cancer in Fukushima, and the difficult challenges surrounding accurate estimations of low-dose and low-dose rate radiation exposures will be discussed.
2011年3月11日东日本大地震后福岛核电站事故初期应对措施的恰当性仍有待进一步研究。应借鉴切尔诺贝利核电站事故的经验教训，开展关于低剂量辐射暴露对人类健康风险的前瞻性流行病学研究以及全面的辐射健康防护。相反，福岛绝大多数民众所受剂量并不足以导致未来癌症发病率上升或出现健康影响，但日本民众对放射性环境污染的长期健康影响的担忧却与日俱增。自2011年5月起，福岛县启动了福岛健康管理调查项目，旨在为县内居民提供长期医疗保健管理及早期医疗诊断/治疗。本报告将聚焦核事故后尤其是放射性碘早期暴露导致甲状腺癌发生的风险及应对措施，以了解福岛甲状腺癌风险现状，并探讨围绕低剂量和低剂量率辐射暴露准确估算的诸多难题。
