Département de Biochimie, Microbiologie et Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013 Oct;11(10):675-87. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3096. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Bacteria and their viral predators (bacteriophages) are locked in a constant battle. In order to proliferate in phage-rich environments, bacteria have an impressive arsenal of defence mechanisms, and in response, phages have evolved counter-strategies to evade these antiviral systems. In this Review, we describe the various tactics that are used by phages to overcome bacterial resistance mechanisms, including adsorption inhibition, restriction-modification, CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) systems and abortive infection. Furthermore, we consider how these observations have enhanced our knowledge of phage biology, evolution and phage-host interactions.
细菌及其病毒捕食者（噬菌体）处于持续的战斗中。为了在富含噬菌体的环境中繁殖，细菌拥有令人印象深刻的防御机制，而作为回应，噬菌体已经进化出了逃避这些抗病毒系统的对策。在这篇综述中，我们描述了噬菌体用来克服细菌抗性机制的各种策略，包括吸附抑制、限制修饰、CRISPR-Cas（成簇的规律间隔的短回文重复序列-CRISPR 相关蛋白）系统和流产感染。此外，我们还考虑了这些观察结果如何增强了我们对噬菌体生物学、进化和噬菌体-宿主相互作用的了解。
