Rigalleau François, Guerry Michèle, Granjon Lionel
Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CERCA), Laboratoire CERCA, CNRS UMR 7295, 5 rue Theodore Lefebvre, 86000 , Poitiers, France,
J Psycholinguist Res. 2014 Aug;43(4):465-85. doi: 10.1007/s10936-013-9265-3.
Recent studies about the implicit causality of inter-personal verbs showed a symmetric implicit consequentiality bias for psychological verbs. This symmetry is less clear for action verbs because the verbs assigning the implicit cause to the object argument (e.g. "Peter protected John because he was in danger.") tend to assign the implicit consequence to the same argument (e.g. "Peter protected John so he was not hurt."). We replicated this result by comparing continuations of inter-personal events followed by a causal connective "because" or a consequence connective "so". Moreover, we found similar results when the consequence connective was replaced by a contrastive connective "but". This result was confirmed in a second experiment where we measured the time required to imagine a consistent continuation for a fragment finishing with "but s/he ...". The results were consistent with a contrastive connective introducing a denial of a consequence of the previous event. The results were consistent with a model suggesting that thematic roles and connectives can predict preferred co-reference relations.
近期关于人际动词隐含因果关系的研究表明，心理动词存在对称的隐含结果偏向。对于行为动词，这种对称性不太明显，因为将隐含原因赋予宾语成分的动词（例如“彼得保护了约翰，因为他处于危险之中。”）往往会将隐含结果赋予同一个成分（例如“彼得保护了约翰，所以他没有受伤。”）。我们通过比较由因果连词“因为”或结果连词“所以”引导的人际事件后续内容，复制了这一结果。此外，当结果连词被对比连词“但是”取代时，我们也发现了类似的结果。这一结果在第二个实验中得到了证实，在该实验中，我们测量了为以“但是他/她……”结尾的片段想象一个连贯后续所需的时间。结果与对比连词引入对前一事件结果的否定相一致。结果与一个模型相符，该模型表明题元角色和连词可以预测偏好的共指关系。
