General Pediatrics Section, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Int J Gen Med. 2013 Jul 23;6:613-6. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S49510. eCollection 2013.
Kawasaki disease is an acute self-limiting vasculitis that affects children. The most dreaded complication of Kawasaki disease reported in the literature over the years is coronary artery disease, which is considered as the main cause of acquired heart disease. However, pulmonary associations with Kawasaki disease have been overlooked. We present a rare, if not unique, case of Kawasaki disease associated with group A streptococcus pleural effusion in the English language literature. A search of the PubMed database was carried out, using a combination of the terms "Kawasaki disease", "pneumonia", and "group A streptococcus". The majority of studies conducted in children with Kawasaki disease have concentrated on the coronary artery implications. Kawasaki disease is considered a self-limiting illness, but can have detrimental consequences if not diagnosed early. When there is a prolonged inflammatory reaction, with no infectious agent identified or remittent fever unresponsive to antibiotics, Kawasaki disease should be taken into consideration. Elevated Vβ2+ T cells compared with healthy controls suggest possible involvement of a superantigen in the etiology of Kawasaki disease, so it is wise that the health care provider concentrates not only on the cardiac consequences, but also on pulmonary associations.
川崎病是一种影响儿童的急性自限性血管炎。多年来，文献中报道的川崎病最可怕的并发症是冠状动脉疾病，它被认为是获得性心脏病的主要原因。然而，川崎病与肺部的关联一直被忽视。我们在英文文献中报告了一例罕见的（如果不是唯一的）川崎病合并 A 组链球菌性胸腔积液的病例。在 PubMed 数据库中进行了检索，使用了“川崎病”、“肺炎”和“A 组链球菌”的组合术语。大多数针对川崎病患儿的研究都集中在冠状动脉的影响上。川崎病被认为是一种自限性疾病，但如果不早期诊断，可能会产生不良后果。当存在持续的炎症反应，没有确定的感染因子或对抗生素反应性的间歇性发热时，应考虑川崎病。与健康对照组相比，升高的 Vβ2+T 细胞提示川崎病的病因可能涉及超抗原，因此医疗保健提供者不仅要关注心脏的后果，还要关注肺部的关联，这是明智的。
