Mohammed Abdullah Saleh
College of Health Sciences, Jazan University, P.O Box 1485, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Malays J Med Sci. 2013 Mar;20(2):41-6.
Infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are global public health problems. The safety of donated blood can be estimated by monitoring the prevalence of viral markers in the donor population. The present study was carried out in the Jazan region to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV among Saudi blood donors.
Over a period of six years (January 2004 to December 2009), a total of 29 949 blood units were collected from healthy voluntary and replacement native Saudi blood donors. The donated units were serologically screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). These data were then analysed.
HBsAg was positive in 3.8% of the blood units that were collected, the blood units with anti-HCV seropositivity had the lowest prevalence (0.41%), and the prevalence of HBsAg was highest in the group that was > 46 years of age. A significant decline in the prevalence of HBV infection has been observed, from 5.6% in 2004 to 2.3% in 2009 (P < 0.001).
The present study showed that the prevalence of HBV and HCV was in a significant decline from 2004 to 2009, and the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV significantly increased with age.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）引起的感染是全球性公共卫生问题。通过监测献血人群中病毒标志物的流行情况，可以评估献血的安全性。本研究在吉赞地区开展，以确定沙特献血者中HBV和HCV的流行情况。
在六年期间（2004年1月至2009年12月），共从健康的自愿和替代的沙特本地献血者中采集了29949单位血液。对所采集的血液单位进行乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）和丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）的血清学筛查。然后对这些数据进行分析。
所采集血液单位中3.8%的HBsAg呈阳性，抗-HCV血清阳性的血液单位患病率最低（0.41%），HBsAg患病率在年龄大于46岁的组中最高。观察到HBV感染患病率显著下降，从2004年的5.6%降至2009年的2.3%（P<0.001）。
本研究表明，2004年至2009年期间HBV和HCV的患病率显著下降，HBsAg和抗-HCV的患病率随年龄显著增加。
