Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
Cell Biosci. 2013 Aug 28;3(1):33. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-3-33.
YAP and TAZ are transcription coactivators and effectors of the Hippo pathway, which play a key role in organ size control. Through interaction with transcription factors such as TEADs, they activate gene transcription and thus promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, and regulate cell differentiation. Dysregulation of YAP/TAZ was found to correlate with human cancers. The oncogenic roles of these proteins were also demonstrated in animal models. The growth promoting activity of YAP/TAZ is limited by the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway through phosphorylation-induced cytoplasmic retention and destabilization. Recently, it was found that YAP and TAZ mediate responses to several extracellular signals including mechanical stress, GPCR signaling, and the Wnt signaling pathway. All these growth-regulating signals play important roles in normal development and cancer. In this review, we would like to discuss the function of YAP and TAZ as effectors of these physiological signals.
YAP 和 TAZ 是 Hippo 通路的转录共激活因子和效应因子，在器官大小控制中发挥关键作用。它们通过与 TEAD 等转录因子相互作用，激活基因转录，从而促进细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡和调节细胞分化。YAP/TAZ 的失调与人类癌症相关。这些蛋白的致癌作用也在动物模型中得到了证实。YAP/TAZ 的促生长活性受到 Hippo 肿瘤抑制途径的限制，通过磷酸化诱导的细胞质保留和失稳。最近发现，YAP 和 TAZ 介导对几种细胞外信号的反应，包括机械应激、GPCR 信号和 Wnt 信号通路。所有这些调节生长的信号在正常发育和癌症中都起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 YAP 和 TAZ 作为这些生理信号效应物的功能。
