Department of Urology, Ministry of Health Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Urology. 2013 Sep;82(3):532-7. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.059.
To evaluate the compositions of the kidney stones obtained from different regions of Turkey and to present the gender and regional differences.
The study included 6453 kidney stones obtained from patients from different parts of Turkey. All of the stones were obtained using ureterorenoscopy, percutaneous stone surgery, laparoscopic or open stone surgery, or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. X-ray diffraction crystallography method was used for analysis.
At the end of the analysis, 11 different stone types including calcium oxalate (Ca-ox) monohydrate (whewellite, COM), Ca-ox dihydrate (weddellite, COD), uric acid, cystine, struvite, biurea, xanthine brushite, quartz, whitlockite, and dahlite were determined either in pure or mixed conditions. Of the stones, 80.4% were Ca-ox (55.7% COM, 5.9% COD, 18.8% COM + COD), 4.8% uric acid, 3.1% cystine, and 3.3% were phosphate stones (dahlite, brushite, struvite, whitlockite). The remaining 8.4% of the stones were in mixed form with different combinations. Of the patients, 4411 were men (68.3%) and 2042 were women (31.7%).
Ca-ox was the most frequently encountered stone type in our country as it is worldwide. The distribution of the other stone types is different than the other countries. The information about the structure of the stone has significant contribution to the understanding of the stone formation etiology, programming of the treatment process, and prevention of the recurrences. The study is significant in presenting the stone profile of Turkey.
评估来自土耳其不同地区的肾结石成分，并呈现性别和地区差异。
本研究纳入了来自土耳其不同地区的 6453 例肾结石患者。所有结石均通过输尿管镜检查、经皮肾镜取石术、腹腔镜或开放性取石术或体外冲击波碎石术获得。采用 X 射线衍射晶体学法进行分析。
在分析结束时，确定了 11 种不同的结石类型，包括草酸钙（Ca-ox）一水合物（whewellite，COM）、Ca-ox 二水合物（weddellite，COD）、尿酸、胱氨酸、鸟粪石、双尿素、黄嘌呤次磷酸钙、石英、白磷钙石和 dahlite，这些结石要么是纯结石，要么是混合结石。在这些结石中，80.4%为 Ca-ox（55.7% COM、5.9% COD、18.8% COM+COD），4.8%为尿酸，3.1%为胱氨酸，3.3%为磷酸盐结石（dahlite、brushite、struvite、whitlockite）。其余 8.4%的结石呈混合形式，有不同的组合。在这些患者中，4411 例为男性（68.3%），2042 例为女性（31.7%）。
与全球情况一样，Ca-ox 是我国最常见的结石类型。其他结石类型的分布与其他国家不同。结石结构的信息对理解结石形成的病因、治疗过程的规划以及预防复发具有重要意义。该研究对呈现土耳其的结石特征具有重要意义。
