Department of Engineering Science and Materials, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez 00680, Puerto Rico.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:1047-59. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.009. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
Nanotechnology and its application is one of the rapidly developing sciences. As demand of fresh drinking water is increasing, nanotechnology can contribute noticeable development and improvement to water treatment process. Disinfection process is the last and most important step in water and wastewater treatment process. Some nanomaterials can be used as disinfectants due to their antimicrobial properties and reduce the possibility of harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation during traditional disinfection process. A significant number of research efforts is done or going on to understand the mechanisms and enhance the efficiency of nanomaterials as antimicrobial agents, although it will take more time to understand the full potential of nanomaterials in this field. This review paper focuses on inactivation pathways of benign nanomaterials, their possible and probable application and limitations as disinfectants and future opportunities for their application in water cleaning processes.
纳米技术及其应用是快速发展的科学领域之一。随着人们对新鲜饮用水需求的增加，纳米技术可以为水处理过程带来显著的发展和改善。消毒过程是水和废水处理过程的最后也是最重要的一步。由于一些纳米材料具有抗菌特性，因此可以将其用作消毒剂，从而减少传统消毒过程中形成有害消毒副产物 (DBP) 的可能性。尽管要花费更多的时间才能了解纳米材料在这一领域的全部潜力，但目前已经有大量的研究工作致力于了解纳米材料作为抗菌剂的作用机制并提高其效率。本文综述了良性纳米材料的失活动力学、它们作为消毒剂的可能和可行的应用和局限性，以及它们在水净化过程中的未来应用机会。
