Department of Psychiatry, CHUP-MB, 2 Bd Kennedy, 7000 Mons, Belgium,
Psychiatr Danub. 2013 Sep;25 Suppl 2:S118-23.
It has been suggested that alcohol problems have a major impact in the workplace. It has long been recognized that misuse can have serious consequences for the productivity of workers. The extent of the problem is still an uncalculated cost. Few studies provide clear evidence of a cause, effect or relationship between substance abuse and workplace costs and valuable guidance to employers in evaluating the cost of substance abuse in their workplaces is missing.
To estimate the awareness, policies and cost to employers of drinking in the workplace in Belgium and to illustrate the potential gains from drinking cessation provision. Costs vary with type of industry and policy in place; therefore, to estimate these costs, results from a survey were combined with evidence drawn from a review of literature.
An Internet survey of 216 workplaces in Belgium, based on a stratified random sample of workplaces with 50 or more employees, was conducted in 2005. Further information was collected from 150 occupational physicians. Additional evidence was compiled from a review of the literature of drinking-related costs.
216 General Directors or HR Directors completed a questionnaire related to awareness, policy and costs. 150 occupational physicians completed a questionnaire related to awareness and policy. Companies are unaware or underestimate alcohol misuse among their employees. At least 84% of companies have no education or information policy about substance abuse. Absenteeism, accidents and turnover account for 0.87% of the wage bill. Reduced productivity/ (presenteeism accounts for 2.8%. The construction industry, postal services, hospitality industry (hotel/restaurants and catering) and sanitation industry (collection, street cleaning) are the most problematic sectors.
Awareness: many companies are totally unaware of the impact of substance abuse and those that are aware underestimate the problem. Sectors are heterogeneous; some are more problematic than others. Policy: although there is a link between policy and consumption, few companies have a clear substance abuse policy. Cost: reduced productivity is perceived as the most important cost.
据指出，酒精问题对职场产生了重大影响。长期以来，人们一直认识到滥用酒精会对工人的生产力造成严重后果。问题的严重程度仍然是一个无法计算的成本。很少有研究提供滥用药物与工作场所成本之间的因果关系或关系的明确证据，也缺乏雇主评估工作场所滥用药物成本的宝贵指导。
估计比利时职场饮酒的雇主意识、政策和成本，并说明停止饮酒的潜在收益。由于行业类型和现有政策的不同，成本也有所不同；因此，为了估算这些成本，结合了一项基于 216 家比利时企业的互联网调查结果和对相关文献的回顾证据。
2005 年，对拥有 50 名或以上员工的企业进行了分层随机抽样，对 216 家企业进行了基于互联网的调查。还从 150 名职业医生那里收集了更多信息。此外，还对与饮酒相关成本的文献进行了回顾。
216 名总经理或人力资源经理完成了一份关于意识、政策和成本的问卷。150 名职业医生完成了一份关于意识和政策的问卷。公司对员工的酒精滥用问题缺乏了解或认识不足。至少 84%的公司没有关于物质滥用的教育或信息政策。旷工、事故和员工离职占工资单的 0.87%。生产力下降/（出勤率下降占 2.8%。建筑、邮政、酒店业（酒店/餐厅和餐饮）和卫生行业（收集、街道清洁）是最有问题的行业。
意识：许多公司完全不知道物质滥用的影响，而那些知道的公司则低估了这个问题。各个部门之间存在差异；有些比其他部门更成问题。政策：尽管政策与消费之间存在联系，但很少有公司有明确的物质滥用政策。成本：生产力下降被认为是最重要的成本。
