Yang Eunice, Tadin Duje, Glasser Davis M, Hong Sang Wook, Blake Randolph, Park Sohee
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA ; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2013 Jan 1;1(1):5-15. doi: 10.1177/2167702612464618.
Abnormal perceptual experiences are central to schizophrenia but the nature of these anomalies remains undetermined. We investigated contextual processing abnormalities across a comprehensive set of visual tasks. For perception of luminance, size, contrast, orientation and motion, we quantified the degree to which the surrounding visual context altered a center stimulus' appearance. Across tasks, healthy participants showed robust contextual effects, as evidenced by pronounced misperceptions of center stimuli. Schizophrenia patients exhibited intact contextual modulations of luminance and size, but showed weakened contextual modulations of contrast, performing more accurately than controls. Strong motion and orientation context effects correlated with worse symptoms and social functioning. Importantly, the overall strength of contextual modulation across tasks did not differ between controls and schizophrenia patients. Additionally, performance measures across contextual tasks were uncorrelated, implying discrete underlying processes. These findings reveal that abnormal contextual modulation in schizophrenia is selective, arguing against the proposed unitary contextual processing dysfunction.
异常的感知体验是精神分裂症的核心，但这些异常的本质仍未确定。我们在一系列全面的视觉任务中研究了情境加工异常。对于亮度、大小、对比度、方向和运动的感知，我们量化了周围视觉情境改变中心刺激外观的程度。在所有任务中，健康参与者表现出强烈的情境效应，中心刺激的明显错误感知证明了这一点。精神分裂症患者在亮度和大小的情境调制方面表现正常，但对比度的情境调制减弱，比对照组表现得更准确。强烈的运动和方向情境效应与更严重的症状和社会功能障碍相关。重要的是，对照组和精神分裂症患者在所有任务中情境调制的总体强度没有差异。此外，情境任务中的表现指标不相关，这意味着存在离散的潜在过程。这些发现表明，精神分裂症中的异常情境调制是选择性的，这与所提出的单一情境加工功能障碍相矛盾。
