Mannion Damien J, Donkin Chris, Whitford Thomas J
School of Psychology, UNSW , Australia.
PeerJ. 2017 Jan 24;5:e2921. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2921. eCollection 2017.
We investigated the relationship between psychometrically-defined schizotypy and the ability to detect a visual target pattern. Target detection is typically impaired by a surrounding pattern (context) with an orientation that is parallel to the target, relative to a surrounding pattern with an orientation that is orthogonal to the target (orientation-dependent contextual modulation). Based on reports that this effect is reduced in those with schizophrenia, we hypothesised that there would be a negative relationship between the relative score on psychometrically-defined schizotypy and the relative effect of orientation-dependent contextual modulation. We measured visual contrast detection thresholds and scores on the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) from a non-clinical sample ( = 100). Contrary to our hypothesis, we find an absence of a monotonic relationship between the relative magnitude of orientation-dependent contextual modulation of visual contrast detection and the relative score on any of the subscales of the O-LIFE. The apparent difference of this result with previous reports on those with schizophrenia suggests that orientation-dependent contextual modulation may be an informative condition in which schizophrenia and psychometrically-defined schizotypy are dissociated. However, further research is also required to clarify the strength of orientation-dependent contextual modulation in those with schizophrenia.
我们研究了心理测量学定义的精神分裂症样特质与检测视觉目标模式能力之间的关系。相对于具有与目标正交的方向的周围模式（方向依赖性上下文调制），目标检测通常会受到具有与目标平行的方向的周围模式（上下文）的损害。基于有报告称这种效应在精神分裂症患者中会减弱，我们假设心理测量学定义的精神分裂症样特质的相对得分与方向依赖性上下文调制的相对效应之间存在负相关关系。我们测量了来自非临床样本（n = 100）的视觉对比度检测阈值以及牛津 - 利物浦情感与体验量表（O-LIFE）的得分。与我们的假设相反，我们发现视觉对比度检测的方向依赖性上下文调制的相对幅度与O-LIFE任何子量表的相对得分之间不存在单调关系。这一结果与先前关于精神分裂症患者的报告的明显差异表明，方向依赖性上下文调制可能是精神分裂症和心理测量学定义的精神分裂症样特质相分离的一个有信息价值的条件。然而，还需要进一步研究来阐明精神分裂症患者中方向依赖性上下文调制的强度。
