Kalani Anuradha, Tyagi Alka, Tyagi Neetu
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, A-1201, University of Louisville, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Mol Neurobiol. 2014 Feb;49(1):590-600. doi: 10.1007/s12035-013-8544-1. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
Exosomes have emerged as prominent mediators of neurodegenerative diseases where they have been shown to carry disease particles such as beta amyloid and prions from their cells of origin to other cells. Their simple structure and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier allow great opportunity to design a "makeup" with drugs and genetic elements, such as siRNA or miRNA, and use them as delivery vehicles for neurotherapeutics. Their role in neuroprotection is evident by the fact that they are involved in the regeneration of peripheral nerves and repair of neuronal injuries. This review is focused on the role of exosomes in mediating neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.
外泌体已成为神经退行性疾病的重要介质，研究表明它们能将β淀粉样蛋白和朊病毒等致病颗粒从其起源细胞携带到其他细胞。其简单的结构以及穿越血脑屏障的能力为利用药物和基因元件（如小干扰RNA或微小RNA）设计“组合疗法”并将它们用作神经治疗药物的递送载体提供了巨大契机。它们参与周围神经再生和神经元损伤修复，这一事实证明了它们在神经保护中的作用。本综述聚焦于外泌体在介导神经退行性变和神经保护中的作用。
