有机发光二极管显示器在医疗应用中的评估：时间恰到好处，但亮度存在伪影。

An evaluation of organic light emitting diode monitors for medical applications: great timing, but luminance artifacts.

机构信息

Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.

出版信息

Med Phys. 2013 Sep;40(9):092701. doi: 10.1118/1.4818056.

DOI:10.1118/1.4818056

PMID:24007183

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3772941/

Abstract

PURPOSE

In contrast to the dominant medical liquid crystal display (LCD) technology, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) monitors control the display luminance via separate light-emitting diodes for each pixel and are therefore supposed to overcome many previously documented temporal artifacts of medical LCDs. We assessed the temporal and luminance characteristics of the only currently available OLED monitor designed for use in the medical treatment field (SONY PVM2551MD) and checked the authors' main findings with another SONY OLED device (PVM2541).

METHODS

Temporal properties of the photometric output were measured with an optical transient recorder. Luminances of the three color primaries and white for all 256 digital driving levels (DDLs) were measured with a spectroradiometer. Between the luminances of neighboring DDLs, just noticeable differences were calculated according to a perceptual model developed for medical displays. Luminances of full screen (FS) stimuli were compared to luminances of smaller stimuli with identical DDLs.

RESULTS

All measured luminance transition times were below 300 μs. Luminances were independent of the luminance in the preceding frame. However, for the single color primaries, up to 50.5% of the luminances of neighboring DDLs were not perceptually distinguishable. If two color primaries were active simultaneously, between 36.7% and 55.1% of neighboring luminances for increasing DDLs of the third primary were even decreasing. Moreover, luminance saturation effects were observed when too many pixels were active simultaneously. This effect was strongest for white; a small white patch was close to 400 cd/m(2), but in FS the luminance of white saturated at 162 cd/m(2). Due to different saturation levels, the luminance of FS green and FS yellow could exceed the luminance of FS white for identical DDLs.

CONCLUSIONS

The OLED temporal characteristics are excellent and superior to those of LCDs. However, the OLEDs revealed severe perceptually relevant artifacts with implications for applicability to medical imaging.

摘要

目的

与占主导地位的医用液晶显示器（LCD）技术不同，有机发光二极管（OLED）监视器通过每个像素的单独发光二极管来控制显示器的亮度，因此应该能够克服许多以前记录的医用 LCD 的时间伪影。我们评估了唯一目前可用于医疗领域的 OLED 监视器（SONY PVM2551MD）的时间和亮度特性，并使用另一款 SONY OLED 设备（PVM2541）检查了作者的主要发现。

方法

使用光学瞬态记录器测量光度输出的时间特性。使用光谱辐射计测量所有 256 个数字驱动电平（DDL）的三基色和白色的亮度。根据为医用显示器开发的感知模型，计算相邻 DDL 之间的可察觉差异。将全屏（FS）刺激的亮度与具有相同 DDL 的较小刺激的亮度进行比较。

结果

所有测量的亮度转换时间都低于 300 μs。亮度与前一帧的亮度无关。然而，对于单个基色，高达 50.5%的相邻 DDL 的亮度无法感知到差异。如果两个基色同时激活，则对于第三基色的增加 DDL，高达 55.1%的相邻亮度甚至会降低。此外，当同时激活太多像素时，会观察到亮度饱和效应。这种效应在白色时最强；一个小的白色补丁接近 400 cd/m²，但在 FS 中，白色的亮度饱和在 162 cd/m²。由于不同的饱和水平，FS 绿色和 FS 黄色的亮度在相同的 DDL 下可以超过 FS 白色的亮度。