The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Chemosphere. 2013 Nov;93(10):2245-53. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.075. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
Chewing and mouthing behaviors exhibited by pet dogs are likely to lead to oral exposures to a variety of environmental chemicals. Products intended for chewing and mouthing uses include toys and training devices that are often made of plastics. The goal of the current study was to determine if a subset of phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA), endocrine disrupting chemicals commonly found in plastics, leach out of dog toys and training devices (bumpers) into synthetic canine saliva. In vitro assays were used to screen leachates for endocrine activity. Bumper leachates were dominated by di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and BPA, with concentrations reaching low μg mL(-1) following short immersions in synthetic saliva. Simulated chewing of bumpers during immersion in synthetic saliva increased concentrations of phthalates and BPA as compared to new bumpers, while outdoor storage had variable effects on concentrations (increased DEHP; decreased BPA). Toys leached substantially lower concentrations of phthalates and BPA, with the exception of one toy which leached considerable amounts of diethyl phthalate. In vitro assays indicated anti-androgenic activity of bumper leachates, and estrogenic activity of both bumper and toy leachates. These results confirm that toys and training devices are potential sources of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in pet dogs.
宠物狗的咀嚼和口含行为可能导致其口腔接触到各种环境化学物质。供咀嚼和口含使用的产品包括玩具和训练器械，这些产品通常由塑料制成。本研究的目的是确定一组邻苯二甲酸酯和双酚 A（BPA）是否会从狗玩具和训练器械（保险杠）中浸出到合成犬唾液中，这两种化学物质是塑料中常见的内分泌干扰物。体外检测用于筛选浸出物的内分泌活性。保险杠浸出物以邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和 BPA 为主，在短时间浸入合成唾液后，浓度达到低μg/mL。与新保险杠相比，在浸入合成唾液时模拟咀嚼保险杠会增加邻苯二甲酸酯和 BPA 的浓度，而户外储存对浓度有不同的影响（DEHP 增加；BPA 减少）。玩具浸出的邻苯二甲酸酯和 BPA 浓度要低得多，但有一个玩具浸出了相当数量的邻苯二甲酸二乙酯。体外检测表明保险杠浸出物具有抗雄激素活性，保险杠和玩具浸出物均具有雌激素活性。这些结果证实，玩具和训练器械是宠物狗接触内分泌干扰化学物质的潜在来源。
