Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Health Policy and Outcomes Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
Gerontologist. 2014 Dec;54(6):1001-12. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt102. Epub 2013 Sep 5.
To determine if racial/ethnic disparities exist in the ownership of private long-term care insurance (LTCI) among current Medicare beneficiaries.
This study used the 2011 wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to isolate the independent effects of race/ethnicity on LTCI uptake. Stratified multivariate analyses were used to further examine the effect of race/ethnicity on LTCI ownership.
12.3% of Blacks and 5.8% of Hispanics, compared with 20.2% of Whites (p < .001), reported having LTCI coverage. We found that Hispanics were 48% less likely to have LTCI (p = .005) compared with Whites, whereas no difference was found between Blacks and Whites. Compared with White women, Hispanic women were 81% less likely to be insured (p < .001). Ethnic disparities persisted among individuals who, based on income and assets, are considered appropriate for purchasing private LTCI coverage.
This study demonstrates that ethnic differences exist in the ownership of LTCI among elderly Americans. Additional research is needed to determine what factors are responsible for the apparent underrepresentation of Hispanics in the LTCI market.
确定在当前的 Medicare 受益人群中，私人长期护理保险（LTCI）的拥有情况是否存在种族/民族差异。
本研究使用了 2011 年全国健康老龄化趋势研究的资料。采用双变量分析和多变量逻辑回归来分离种族/民族对 LTCI 参保的独立影响。采用分层多变量分析进一步研究种族/民族对 LTCI 所有权的影响。
12.3%的黑人（ Blacks ）和 5.8%的西班牙裔（ Hispanics ），与 20.2%的白人（ Whites ）（p <.001）相比，报告拥有 LTCI 覆盖范围。我们发现，与白人相比，西班牙裔拥有 LTCI 的可能性低 48%（p =.005），而黑人与白人之间没有差异。与白人女性相比，西班牙裔女性的保险可能性低 81%（p <.001）。在那些根据收入和资产被认为适合购买私人 LTCI 保险的人群中，仍然存在族裔差异。
本研究表明，在老年美国人中，LTCI 的拥有情况存在种族差异。需要进一步研究确定是什么因素导致西班牙裔在 LTCI 市场中的明显代表性不足。
