Gochfeld M
University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854.
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jun;86:285-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9086285.
Among the costs of technology are health hazards that face employees and consumers. New advances in the highly competitive field of microelectronics involve exposure to a variety of hazards such as gallium arsenide. Small high-technology industries appear unprepared to invest in health and safety. Although stray electromagnetic fields are not a new development, researchers are beginning to assemble data indicating that such fields pose a significant cancer risk under certain circumstances. Data have been obtained on fields associated with power lines on the one hand and consumer products on the other. Although not conclusive, the data are sufficient to warrant carefully designed research into the risks posed by electromagnetic fields. Because the scientific issues require research, there is a need to make basic social value decisions that will determine which technologies will be developed and which ones may be set aside because of their danger at the present time.
技术成本中包含员工和消费者面临的健康风险。微电子这一竞争激烈领域的新进展涉及接触多种危害，如砷化镓。小型高科技产业似乎未做好投资健康与安全的准备。虽然杂散电磁场并非新现象，但研究人员开始收集数据，表明此类电磁场在某些情况下会带来重大癌症风险。一方面已获取与输电线相关的电磁场数据，另一方面也有与消费产品相关的数据。尽管这些数据并非结论性的，但足以保证对电磁场带来的风险进行精心设计的研究。由于科学问题需要研究，所以有必要做出基本的社会价值决策，以确定哪些技术将得到开发，哪些技术可能因当前存在危险而被搁置。
