Université Paris 13 Nord, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA2363, Laboratoire "Réponses cellulaires et fonctionnelles à l'hypoxie", UFR-SMBH, Bobigny, France.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2014 Jan 1;190:33-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.08.022. Epub 2013 Sep 4.
This study used an innovative technique of pulse oximetry to investigate whether swimmers can train under hypoxic conditions through voluntary hypoventilation (VH). Ten trained subjects performed a front crawl swimming series with normal breathing (NB), VH at high (VHhigh) and low pulmonary volume (VHlow). Arterial oxygen saturation was continuously measured via pulse oximetry (SpO2) with a waterproofed forehead sensor. Gas exchanges were recorded continuously and lactate concentration ([La]) was assessed at the end of each test. In VHlow, SpO2 fell down to 87% at the end of the series whereas it remained above 94% in VHhigh during most part of the series. Ventilation, oxygen uptake and end-tidal O2 pressure were lower in both VHhigh and VHlow than in NB. Compared to NB, [La] significantly increased in VHlow and decreased in VHhigh. This study demonstrated that swimmers can train under hypoxic conditions at sea level and can accentuate the glycolytic stimulus of their training if they perform VH at low but not high pulmonary volume.
本研究采用脉搏血氧饱和度测定的创新技术，探讨游泳运动员是否可以通过自愿性低通气（VH）在低氧条件下进行训练。10 名训练有素的受试者分别在正常呼吸（NB）、高肺容量（VHhigh）和低肺容量（VHlow）下进行自由泳游泳系列。通过防水额部传感器连续测量动脉血氧饱和度（SpO2）。连续记录气体交换，在每个测试结束时评估血乳酸浓度（[La]）。在 VHlow 中，SpO2 在系列结束时降至 87%，而在 VHhigh 中大部分时间仍保持在 94%以上。通气、摄氧量和潮气末 O2 压力在 VHhigh 和 VHlow 中均低于 NB。与 NB 相比，[La]在 VHlow 中显著增加，而在 VHhigh 中降低。本研究表明，游泳运动员可以在海平面的低氧条件下进行训练，如果在低肺容量而不是高肺容量下进行 VH，可以增强其训练的糖酵解刺激。
