a Department of Physical Education and Sport Science , Democritus University of Thrace , Komotini , Greece.
J Sports Sci. 2014;32(3):278-89. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.823224. Epub 2013 Sep 9.
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of leg kick on the pattern, the orientation and the propulsive forces produced by the hand, the efficiency of the arm stroke, the trunk inclination, the inter-arm coordination and the intra-cyclic horizontal velocity variation of the hip in sprint front crawl swimming. Nine female swimmers swam two maximal trials of 25 m front crawl, with and without leg kick. Four camcorders were used to record the underwater movements. Using the legs, the mean swimming velocity increased significantly. On the contrary, the velocity and the orientation of the hand, the magnitude and the direction of the propulsive forces, as well as the Froude efficiency of the arm stroke were not modified. The hip intra-cyclic horizontal velocity variation was also not changed, while the index of coordination decreased significantly. A significant decrease (13%) was also observed in the inclination of the trunk. Thus, the positive effect of leg kick on the swimming speed, besides the obvious direct generation of propulsive forces from the legs, could probably be attributed to the reduction of the body's inclination, while the generation of the propulsive forces and the efficiency of the arm stroke seem not to be significantly affected.
本研究旨在探讨打腿对自由泳划臂的运动模式、手的方向和推进力、划臂效率、躯干倾斜度、两臂协调性以及髋关节在一个划周期内的水平速度变化的影响。9 名女性游泳运动员进行了两次 25 米自由泳的最大划臂测试，一次带腿打腿，一次不带腿打腿。使用四台摄像机记录水下动作。通过腿部打腿，平均游泳速度显著提高。相反，手的速度和方向、推进力的大小和方向以及划臂的弗劳德效率没有改变。髋关节在一个划周期内的水平速度变化也没有改变，而协调指数显著下降。躯干倾斜度也显著下降（13%）。因此，腿打腿对游泳速度的积极影响，除了腿部明显的直接产生推进力之外，可能还归因于身体倾斜度的减小，而推进力的产生和划臂的效率似乎没有受到显著影响。
