儿童时期注意缺陷多动障碍与成年后患精神分裂症之间的关联。
Association between Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in childhood and schizophrenia later in adulthood.
机构信息
National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark.
National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Eur Psychiatry. 2014 May;29(4):259-63. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.06.004. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
PURPOSE
To estimate the risk of schizophrenia in adulthood among children and adolescents with ADHD compared to the background population.
SUBJECTS/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and eight youths with ADHD (183 boys; 25 girls) were followed prospectively. Diagnoses of schizophrenia were obtained from The Danish Psychiatric Central Register. The relative risk (RR) of schizophrenia for cases with ADHD, compared to the normal population, was calculated as risk ratios. Hazard ratios (HR's) by Cox regression were calculated in the predictor analyses.
RESULTS
Mean age for ADHD cases at follow-up was 31.1years. Schizophrenia diagnoses were given to 3.8% of these cases. Compared to the general population, RR of schizophrenia in cases with ADHD was 4.3 (95% CI 1.9-8.57).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
This prospective follow-up study found children with ADHD to be at higher risk of later schizophrenia than controls. If replicated, these results warrant increased focus on the possible emergence symptoms of schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis during clinical follow-up of patients with ADHD.
目的
与背景人群相比，评估 ADHD 儿童和青少年成年后患精神分裂症的风险。
材料和方法
208 名患有 ADHD 的青少年（183 名男孩；25 名女孩）进行了前瞻性随访。精神分裂症的诊断来自丹麦精神病中央登记处。与正常人群相比，ADHD 患者的精神分裂症相对风险 (RR) 计算为风险比。在预测分析中，通过 Cox 回归计算了危险比 (HR)。
结果
ADHD 病例在随访时的平均年龄为 31.1 岁。这些病例中有 3.8%被诊断出患有精神分裂症。与普通人群相比，ADHD 患者患精神分裂症的 RR 为 4.3（95%CI 1.9-8.57）。
讨论与结论
这项前瞻性随访研究发现，与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童患精神分裂症的风险更高。如果这些结果得到复制，这些结果将需要在 ADHD 患者的临床随访中更加关注精神分裂症或分裂样精神病的可能出现症状。
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