Horswill C A, Hickner R C, Scott J R, Costill D L, Gould D
Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Aug;22(4):470-6.
Well trained subjects (N = 12) were studied before and after losing approximately 6% of body weight to determine whether physical performance could be maintained while consuming a hypocaloric, high percentage carbohydrate diet. During a 4-d period of weight loss, subjects were randomly assigned to a high carbohydrate (HC) or low carbohydrate (LC) diet. A crossover design was used; subjects were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) weight loss on both diets for a 6-min bout of high intensity arm cranking, weight, skinfold thickness, and profile of mood states (POMS). Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and glycerol concentrations were analyzed for resting blood samples, while lactate, pH, and base excess were analyzed for blood samples drawn at rest and 1, 3, and 5 min after arm cranking. A three-way ANOVA of sprint work revealed a weight loss effect, a diet by weight loss interaction, and an order by diet by weight loss interaction (P less than 0.05). Total sprint work (mean +/- SE) PRE and POST HC was 37.7 +/- 2.1 kJ and 37.4 +/- 2.2 kJ, respectively. Sprint work was higher for PRE LC vs POST LC, with mean values of 37.4 +/- 2.1 kJ and 34.4 +/- 2.2 kJ, respectively. Post-arm cranking lactate was significantly higher PRE compared to POST for both HC and LC. Post-exercise blood pH was lower (P less than 0.05) at PRE vs POST, with no diet effect. Regardless of the diet, POMS variables tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion were significantly elevated from PRE to POST; vigor was significantly lower.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
对训练有素的受试者（N = 12）在体重减轻约6%前后进行了研究，以确定在摄入低热量、高碳水化合物饮食时身体机能是否能够维持。在为期4天的体重减轻期间，受试者被随机分配到高碳水化合物（HC）或低碳水化合物（LC）饮食组。采用交叉设计；在两种饮食的体重减轻前后（PRE和POST），对受试者进行6分钟高强度手臂曲柄运动测试、测量体重、皮褶厚度以及情绪状态量表（POMS）。分析静息血样中的血红蛋白、血细胞比容和甘油浓度，同时分析在静息时以及手臂曲柄运动后1、3和5分钟采集的血样中的乳酸、pH值和碱剩余。短跑工作的三因素方差分析显示有体重减轻效应、饮食与体重减轻的交互作用以及顺序与饮食与体重减轻的交互作用（P < 0.05）。HC组PRE和POST的总短跑工作量（均值±标准误）分别为37.7±2.1 kJ和37.4±2.2 kJ。PRE LC组的短跑工作量高于POST LC组，均值分别为37.4±2.1 kJ和34.4±2.2 kJ。HC组和LC组手臂曲柄运动后PRE的乳酸水平均显著高于POST。运动后血pH值PRE时低于POST（P < 0.05），无饮食效应。无论饮食如何，POMS变量紧张、抑郁、愤怒、疲劳和困惑从PRE到POST均显著升高；活力显著降低。（摘要截断于250字）
