Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness, and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 4;8(9):e72436. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072436. eCollection 2013.
Participation in interpersonal competitions, such as fencing or Japanese martial arts, requires players to make instantaneous decisions and execute appropriate motor behaviors in response to various situations. Such actions can be understood as complex phenomena emerging from simple principles. We examined the intentional switching dynamics associated with continuous movement during interpersonal competition in terms of their emergence from a simple syntax. Linear functions on return maps identified two attractors as well as the transitions between them. The effects of skill differences were evident in the second- and third-order state-transition diagrams for these two attractors. Our results suggest that abrupt switching between attractors is related to the diverse continuous movements resulting from quick responses to sudden changes in the environment. This abrupt-switching-quick-response behavior is characterized by a joint action syntax. The resulting hybrid dynamical system is composed of a higher module with discrete dynamics and a lower module with continuous dynamics. Our results suggest that intelligent human behavior and robust autonomy in real-life scenarios are based on this hybrid dynamical system, which connects interpersonal coordination and competition.
参与人际竞争，如击剑或日本武术，要求运动员根据各种情况做出即时决策并执行适当的运动行为。这些行动可以被理解为从简单原则中涌现出来的复杂现象。我们从简单的语法角度研究了人际竞争中连续运动时的有意切换动态。返回映射上的线性函数确定了两个吸引子以及它们之间的转换。这两个吸引子的二阶和三阶状态转移图显示了技能差异的影响。我们的结果表明，吸引子之间的突然切换与快速响应环境突然变化所导致的各种连续运动有关。这种突然切换快速响应的行为特征是联合动作语法。由此产生的混合动力系统由具有离散动力学的高级模块和具有连续动力学的低级模块组成。我们的结果表明，智能人类行为和现实生活场景中的稳健自主性基于这种混合动力系统，它连接了人际协调和竞争。
