Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.R. China.
Gene. 2013 Dec 1;531(2):270-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.08.090. Epub 2013 Sep 9.
During the life cycle of heterothallic tetrapolar Agaricomycetes such as Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, the mating type system, composed of unlinked A and B loci, plays a vital role in controlling sexual development and resulting formation of the fruit body. L. edodes is produced worldwide for consumption and medicinal purposes, and understanding its sexual development is therefore of great importance. A considerable amount of mating type factors has been indicated over the past decades but few genes have actually been identified, and no complete genetic structures of L. edodes B mating-type loci are available. In this study, we cloned the matB regions from two mating compatible L. edodes strains, 939P26 and 939P42. Four pheromone receptors were identified on each new matB region, together with three and four pheromone precursor genes in the respective strains. Gene polymorphism, phylogenetic analysis and distribution of pheromone receptors and pheromone precursors clearly indicate a bipartite matB locus, each sublocus containing a pheromone receptor and one or two pheromone precursors. Detailed sequence comparisons of genetic structures between the matB regions of strains 939P42, 939P26 and a previously reported strain SUP2 further supported this model and allowed identification of the B mating type subloci borders. Mating studies confirmed the control of B mating by the identified pheromone receptors and pheromones in L. edodes.
在异宗四合蘑菇（如香菇）的生命周期中，由不连锁的 A 和 B 基因座组成的交配型系统在控制有性发育和果实体形成方面起着至关重要的作用。香菇在全球范围内被用于食用和药用，因此了解其有性发育非常重要。在过去的几十年里，已经确定了相当数量的交配型因子，但实际上只鉴定了少数基因，而且香菇 B 交配型基因座的完整遗传结构尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们从两个交配兼容的香菇菌株 939P26 和 939P42 中克隆了 matB 区域。在每个新的 matB 区域中鉴定了四个信息素受体，以及在各自菌株中的三个和四个信息素前体基因。基因多态性、系统发育分析以及信息素受体和信息素前体的分布清楚地表明存在二分体 matB 基因座，每个亚基因座包含一个信息素受体和一个或两个信息素前体。菌株 939P42、939P26 和之前报道的菌株 SUP2 的 matB 区域之间遗传结构的详细序列比较进一步支持了这一模型，并确定了 B 交配型亚基因座边界。交配研究证实了所鉴定的香菇信息素受体和信息素对 B 交配的控制作用。
