Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 10;11(1):9845. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89146-y.
The basidiomycete fungus Lentinula novae-zelandiae is endemic to New Zealand and is a sister taxon to Lentinula edodes, the second most cultivated mushroom in the world. To explore the biology of this organism, a high-quality chromosome level reference genome of L. novae-zelandiae was produced. Macrosyntenic comparisons between the genome assembly of L. novae-zelandiae, L. edodes and a set of three genome assemblies of diverse species from the Agaricomycota reveal a high degree of macrosyntenic restructuring within L. edodes consistent with signal of domestication. These results show L. edodes has undergone significant genomic change during the course of its evolutionary history, likely a result of its cultivation and domestication over the last 1000 years.
新西兰原产的担子菌蘑菇 Novae-zelandiae 是香菇（世界上第二大栽培蘑菇）的姊妹种。为了探索该生物的生物学特性，我们生成了一个高质量的 Novae-zelandiae 染色体水平参考基因组。对 Novae-zelandiae、香菇和一组来自伞菌目（Agaricomycota）的三个不同物种的基因组组装进行的宏基因组比较显示，香菇中存在高度的宏基因组结构重排，与驯化信号一致。这些结果表明，香菇在其进化历史过程中经历了显著的基因组变化，可能是其在过去 1000 年的栽培和驯化的结果。
