Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, China.
J Environ Manage. 2013 Nov 15;129:577-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.026. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Low impact development (LID) is generally regarded as a more sustainable solution for urban stormwater management than conventional urban drainage systems. However, its effects on urban flooding at a scale of urban drainage systems have not been fully understood particularly when different rainfall characteristics are considered. In this paper, using an urbanizing catchment in China as a case study, the effects of three LID techniques (swale, permeable pavement and green roof) on urban flooding are analyzed and compared with the conventional drainage system design. A range of storm events with different rainfall amounts, durations and locations of peak intensity are considered for holistic assessment of the LID techniques. The effects are measured by the total flood volume reduction during a storm event compared to the conventional drainage system design. The results obtained indicate that all three LID scenarios are more effective in flood reduction during heavier and shorter storm events. Their performance, however, varies significantly according to the location of peak intensity. That is, swales perform best during a storm event with an early peak, permeable pavements perform best with a middle peak, and green roofs perform best with a late peak, respectively. The trends of flood reduction can be explained using a newly proposed water balance method, i.e., by comparing the effective storage depth of the LID designs with the accumulative rainfall amounts at the beginning and end of flooding in the conventional drainage system. This paper provides an insight into the performance of LID designs under different rainfall characteristics, which is essential for effective urban flood management.
低影响开发（LID）通常被认为是比传统城市排水系统更可持续的城市雨水管理解决方案。然而，特别是在考虑不同降雨特征的情况下，其对城市排水系统规模的城市洪水的影响尚未得到充分理解。本文以中国一个城市化流域为例，分析了三种 LID 技术（洼地、透水铺装和绿色屋顶）对城市洪水的影响，并与传统排水系统设计进行了比较。考虑了一系列具有不同降雨量、持续时间和峰值强度位置的暴雨事件，以全面评估 LID 技术。效果是通过与传统排水系统设计相比，在一次风暴事件中减少的总洪水体积来衡量的。结果表明，在较重和较短的风暴事件中，所有三种 LID 方案在减少洪水方面都更有效。然而，它们的性能根据峰值强度的位置而有很大差异。即，洼地在早期峰值的风暴事件中表现最佳，透水铺面在中间峰值的风暴事件中表现最佳，而绿色屋顶在后期峰值的风暴事件中表现最佳。洪水减少的趋势可以通过一种新提出的水量平衡方法来解释，即通过比较 LID 设计的有效存储深度与传统排水系统中洪水开始和结束时的累积降雨量。本文深入了解了不同降雨特征下 LID 设计的性能，这对于有效的城市洪水管理至关重要。
