National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2014 Jan;40(1):74-81. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3382. Epub 2013 Sep 12.
This prospective cohort study investigates work-related risk factors for occupational back injury among healthcare workers.
The study comprised 5017 female healthcare workers in eldercare from 36 municipalities in Denmark who responded to a baseline and follow-up questionnaire in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Using logistic regression, the odds for occupational back injury (ie, sudden onset episodes) in 2006 from patient transfers in 2005 was modeled.
In the total study population, 3.9% experienced back injury during follow-up, of which 0.5% were recurrent events. When adjusting for lifestyle (body mass index, leisure-time physical activity, smoking), work-related characteristics (seniority and perceived influence at work), and history of back pain and injury, daily patient transfers increased the risk for back injury (trend, P=0.03): odds ratio (OR) 1.75 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05-2.93] for 1-2 transfers per day, OR 1.81 (95% CI 1.14-2.85) for 3-10 transfers per day, and OR 1.56 (95% CI 0.96-2.54) for >10 transfers per day, referencing those with <1 patient transfer on average per day. The population attributable fraction of daily patient transfer for back injury was estimated to be 36%. Among those with daily patient transfer (N=3820), using an assistive device decreased the risk for back injury for "often" and "very often" use [OR 0.59 (95% CI 0.36-0.98) and OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.38-1.00), respectively] referencing those who "seldom" use assistive devices.
Daily patient transfer was associated with increased risk for back injury among healthcare workers. Persistent use of an assistive device was associated with reduced risk for back injury among healthcare workers with daily patient transfers.
本前瞻性队列研究调查了医护人员职业性腰背损伤的工作相关危险因素。
本研究纳入了丹麦 36 个市的 5017 名老年护理医护人员，他们分别于 2005 年和 2006 年回应了基线和随访问卷。使用逻辑回归，对 2005 年患者转介与 2006 年职业性腰背损伤（即突发发作）的比值比进行建模。
在总研究人群中，3.9%的人在随访期间经历了腰背损伤，其中 0.5%为复发性事件。调整生活方式（体重指数、休闲时间体力活动、吸烟）、工作相关特征（资历和工作影响力）以及腰背疼痛和损伤史后，每日患者转介增加了腰背损伤的风险（趋势，P=0.03）：每天 1-2 次转介的比值比（OR）为 1.75（95%置信区间（95%CI）1.05-2.93），每天 3-10 次转介的 OR 为 1.81（95%CI 1.14-2.85），每天>10 次转介的 OR 为 1.56（95%CI 0.96-2.54），参考值为平均每天<1 次患者转介。每日患者转介导致腰背损伤的人群归因分数估计为 36%。在每日有患者转介的人群中（N=3820），经常和非常经常使用辅助设备降低了腰背损伤的风险[OR 0.59（95%CI 0.36-0.98）和 OR 0.62（95%CI 0.38-1.00），分别参考那些很少使用辅助设备的人]。
每日患者转介与医护人员腰背损伤风险增加相关。经常使用辅助设备与每日有患者转介的医护人员腰背损伤风险降低相关。
