Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Immunology. 2014 Feb;141(2):174-80. doi: 10.1111/imm.12167.
The rapid differentiation of monocytes into macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells is a pivotal aspect of the innate immune response. Differentiation is triggered following recognition of microbial ligands that activate pattern recognition receptors or directly by pro-inflammatory cytokines. We demonstrate that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces the rapid differentiation of monocytes into CD209(+) MΦ, similar to activation via Toll-like receptor 2/1, but with distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics. The IL-1β induced MΦ express higher levels of key markers of phagocytosis, including the Fc-receptors CD16 and CD64, as well as CD36, CD163 and CD206. In addition, IL-1β-induced MΦ exert potent phagocytic activity towards inert particles, oxidized low-density lipoprotein and mycobacteria. Furthermore, IL-1β-induced MΦ express higher levels of HLA-DR and effectively present mycobacterial antigens to T cells. Therefore, the ability of IL-1β to induce monocyte differentiation into MΦ with both phagocytosis and antigen-presenting function is a distinct part of the innate immune response in host defence against microbial infection.
单核细胞迅速分化为巨噬细胞（MΦ）和树突状细胞是先天免疫反应的关键方面。分化是在识别微生物配体后触发的，这些配体激活模式识别受体或直接被促炎细胞因子激活。我们证明白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）可诱导单核细胞迅速分化为 CD209（+）MΦ，类似于通过 Toll 样受体 2/1 激活，但具有不同的表型和功能特征。IL-1β诱导的 MΦ表达更高水平的吞噬作用关键标志物，包括 Fc 受体 CD16 和 CD64，以及 CD36、CD163 和 CD206。此外，IL-1β诱导的 MΦ对惰性颗粒、氧化低密度脂蛋白和分枝杆菌具有强大的吞噬活性。此外，IL-1β诱导的 MΦ表达更高水平的 HLA-DR，并能有效向 T 细胞呈递分枝杆菌抗原。因此，IL-1β诱导单核细胞分化为具有吞噬和抗原呈递功能的 MΦ的能力是宿主抵御微生物感染的固有免疫反应的一个独特部分。
